Adaptation Distillation: In the manga, May had already met the people of Youswell in her introductory appearance, so they greet her here as an old friend making a return visit when they offer her a place to stay before her return to Xing. In the anime, her introduction there was cut, so the citizens are instead meeting her for the first time as a stranger, though they are still equally welcoming in offering her food and shelter.
Ascended Meme: The fan-nickname for the second Greed, who possesses Ling's body, is "Greedling" or "Greeling", to tell him apart from the original Greed in conversation. In this episode, Ed gives up on trying to distinguish them anymore and just decides to call him "Greeling" (though we never actually see him do so again in the rest of the series).
Badass Normal: Olivier easily defeats Alex despite him being a State Alchemist, while she has absolutely no alchemic powers whatsoever to speak of.
Big "NO!": Alex during his ill-fated fight with Olivier.
Blatant Lies: Mason proclaims to the military that he has no idea where Izumi and Sig have gone or when they're coming back. As soon as the officers leave, he calls Sig to warn them to stay away.
Brutal Honesty: When Darius and Heinkel ask who Ling is and Ed starts to explain that it's a long story, Ling interrupts by bluntly stating, "I'm a homunculus."
Casual Danger Dialogue/Unusually Uninteresting Sight: Mr. and Mrs. Armstrong and Catherine during the Alex vs. Olivier battle. They just casually decide where to leave the country for vacation, and talk about what they'll do there, while seeming rather unperturbed about the violence and explosions going on around them. (In particular, Catherine cheerfully wishes Alex luck while either not noticing or not caring that Olivier currently has him in a headlock.)
Close on Title: After the stinger mentioned below, the episode's title appears for a few seconds before the preview of the next episode.
Wrath vs Greed. Greed only fares slightly better this time than he did last time, barely covering his neck with his shield in time to keep from being beheaded, and is forced to retreat after realizing he has no chance of winning.
Olivier vs. Alex. It's not even close. Her beating the crap out of him is mostly Played for Laughs.
Defector from Decadence: All four members of Greed's new group: Greed officially defects from the Homunculi, and the other three from the military (specifically, Darius and Heinkel from under Kimblee, and Ed from the State Alchemists).
Dirty Old Man: General Grumman gets Rebecca's attention by groping her ass.
Dramatic Irony: Miles and Buccaneer compare Izumi's incursion to a similar incident 20 years earlier (and one that's remained an Old Shame for Briggs). Neither of them realize Izumi is the same woman from that incident.
Eyecatch: All four combatants of this episode's two battles (Alex, Wrath, Greed, and Olivier) in the first one, Ed in the second.
Game Between Heirs: Olivier and Alex do battle to determine the successor of the Armstrong family. Olivier wins easily.
Heel–Face Turn: Greed has one, defecting from the homunculi in the beginning of the episode after regaining his memories and officially joining up with Ed and the chimeras (under the condition that they work for him) near the end.
Heroic BSoD/Villainous BSoD: Depending on your perspective (probably more like Anti-Villainous BSOD). Greed has one after his failed attack on King Bradley, which allows Ling to temporarily take back control of his body.
Idiot Ball: May, despite having the Philosopher's Stone that she was searching for (albeit not in an ideal form), allows herself to be manipulated by Envy—a known, sadistic enemy—into returning to Central, apparently not considering that he probably has ulterior motives for urging her to do so.
Manipulative Bastard: Envy as usual, here shown when he guilt-trips May about leaving these "nice people" behind to die and convinces her to stay in Amestris—and in fact return to Central (exactly where Envy needs to be)—in order to help them.
Most of Olivier's fight with Alex is played for humor, but then it becomes serious again when Olivier states she has won and Alex furiously demands to know the meaning of her actions.
There's a humorous moment in which the chimeras are scolding Ed for not knowing Al well enough to guess where he'd be...which then turns serious when they hear someone approaching the building, and see Greeling appear before he promptly collapses. Then it goes back to funny as Ling groans about being hungry, and proceeds to eat all of their food.
The moment where Greed starts to reassert control and take Ling's body back is played for drama...until Ed starts bopping Ling on the head and urging him to fight it, which is played for humor. Then it goes back to serious again when Ling begins to explain some of Father's plans for the Promised Day.
After Greed solemnly reflects on how he's now alone and feels empty after regaining his memories, things quickly take a turn for the humorous when Ed catches up with him, insists on calling him "Greeling" from now on (to his irritation), and agrees that he and the chimeras will follow him...which promptly results in Darius and Heinkel beating the crap out of Ed in annoyance while Greed can only watch with a "WTF" expression.
Nice Job Fixing It, Villain: Bradley slaughtering the original Greed's Chimeras while in Dublith finally comes back to bite him in the ass over 30 episodes later.
Percussive Maintenance: Played for Laughs. When Greed tries to regain control of Ling's body, Ed repeatedly bonks Ling on the head while urging him to fight back.
Ragtag Bunch of Misfits: The renegade group formed by Ed and Greed is basically this, consisting of a disgraced Homunculus, two chimeras, and an alchemist and Token Human (as Ed lampshades in the manga).
Shoo the Dog: Though Olivier does so under the pretense of insisting her father is old and needs to retire, the real purpose of her convincing the family to take an extended vacation is to get them out of the country before the Promised Day arrives, so they'll be safe when shit starts to go down in Amestris.
The Stinger: Mustang burns the message he received (through Havoc) from Hawkeye.
Trespassing to Talk: A variation: Izumi once again raids Briggs storage as she did many years ago, and allows herself to be captured and imprisoned, in order to deliver a message from Alphonse to Miles and Buccaneer.
We Can Rule Together/Take Over the World: Ling offers Greed the former trope with the chance to be Emperor of Xing in their body, but Greed chides him for thinking "too small", saying that he'd rather have the latter trope and rule the entire world instead.
What Would X Do?: Ed attempts to invoke a "Where would X go?" version of this this when trying to find and meet up with Al, by traveling to the safehouse where they once brought Lan Fan and Gluttony. Humorously, it completely fails when Al is not there, to the annoyance of Darius and Heinkel.
Ironically, though, this is where Ling goes to hide out, after regaining control of his body.
You Can't Go Home Again: As Greed notes, he can't return to the homunculi after attacking Wrath in his home, with Pride also present. (Not that he wants to, anyway.)
