History Main / FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator

Enter the FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator, a character who is not the main character or protagonist, but is chosen as the {{narrator}} because he has an excellent view of the action surrounding the real focal characters. By nature they tend to act as DecoyProtagonists, unless they explicitly state who the real main character is in the beginning.

Enter the FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator, a character who is not the main character or protagonist, but is chosen as the {{narrator}} because he has an excellent view of the action surrounding the real focal characters.

* Verbal Kint in ''The Usual Suspects'' has exactly this relationship to Kaiser Sozye...but there's more to it.
* Susie, the narrator of ''TheLovelyBones'', is dead and in heaven. Most of the book is her following her friends and family as they deal with her death and move on, as well as the man who raped and killed her.

* The narrator in ''{{Ishmael}}'' is, coincidentally enough, an Ishmael. [[IAmNotShazam That's not his name, though.]]

* Pvt. Robert "Paperboy" Higgins from ''[[StarshipTroopers Roughnecks: Starship Trooper Chronicles]]'' is a [=FedNet=] reporter, basically embedded with the Mobile Infantry (except he's an enlisted man, not a non-combatant). Most of the show's narration is him speaking in the past tense, as though writing his memoirs, and he states in the first episode, regarding his comrade and the obvious male lead [[OneManArmy Johnny Rico]], "I know he doesn't look like much now, but trust me, this guy's gonna be a legend."

* Saji Crossroad becomes this during the second season of ''{{Gundam 00}}''. The main character is obviously Setsuna F. Seiei. [[spoiler:Saji also pilots the support machine for Setsuna's eponymous mobile suit which acts as its catalyst.]]
* Tylor in ''TheIrresponsibleCaptainTylor'' is inscrutable, as no one can tell whether he's a lucky idiot or a [[ObfuscatingStupidity genius.]] Yuriko and Yamamoto tend to be the viewpoint characters.
* For the first few eps. of ''{{Trigun}}'' we mostly see Vash from Meryl's point of view, and don't even get confirmation he is Vash for some time. This doesn't last- we get very deep in Vash's psyche by the end.
* Simon takes this role in the first third of ''TengenToppaGurrenLagann'', up until [[spoiler:Kamina dies]]. In this case, however, it's not a viewpoint shift, but the viewpoint character becoming the protagonist as he comes into his own.
* Souryo Fuyumi's manga ''Cesare'' is about a sixteen-year-old Cesare Borgia, his servant Miguel, and the games of XanatosSpeedChess the two are playing with various historical figures. It's actually told by Angelo, some kid who's at school with them (readers usually ''hate'' Angelo, which may or may not be intentional). This is one of those uses where it starts to seem like the Ishmael is a little [[HoYay too fascinated]], though this too may be deliberate.
* Rachel from ''LightNovel/{{Baccano}}'' We mostly find out about the events aboard the Flying Pussyfoot from her report to the President of the Daily Days.
** Subverted in ''The Rolling Bootlegs'': while it appears that Maiza relating the story about his friend and subordinate Firo to a Japanese tourist, [[spoiler:it's actually [[ActuallyIAmHim Firo himself]] telling the tale, and the tourist just assumed otherwise because Firo never properly introduced himself and was wearing glasses like Maiza's.]]
* Sakuno Ryuzaki, and the Freshmen Trio from ''PrinceOfTennis'' (at least initially). Ryoma Echizen's undeniably the focus of the story, but his personality and development are mostly viewed through other characters due to his aloof nature.
* ''FairyTail'' is undeniably Lucy's story. Lucy's story about Natsu and Fairy Tail.

* [[UnfortunateNames Sexton Furnival]] in ''[[TheSandman Death: The High Cost of Living]]''. Death/Didi is the axis around which the story revolves, with Sexton just having been dragged in after her. But he's the one with real CharacterDevelopment; hanging out with Death for the day renews his interest in living, rather than committing suicide out of sheer ennui like he wanted to do at the beginning.

* The Student in ''MuseumOfIdiots'', doubling as TheStraightMan. Mostly, his role is to observe [[BunnyEarsLawyer Chickensuit McChickensuit]] and stop him from getting too out-of-hand. He usually fails.

* A subversion in ''FightClub'' , the film seems to be about Tyler Durden, and The Narrator just tells his story. But it turns out [[spoiler: they're the same person]].

[[folder: Film]]

[[folder: Literature ]]

* RobertAHeinlein may have been trying to do this in his novel ''PodkayneOfMars'', with the title character being FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator for her EvilGenius younger brother Clark. It didn't really work, because she ended up being too strong a character to be overshadowed.

[[folder: Theater]]

[[folder: Webcomics]]

* ''TheStrangeCaseOfDoctorJekyllAndMrHyde'': Utterson

* The nameless sailor listening to Marlowe tell the story of Kurtz in Conrad's ''HeartOfDarkness''. Marlowe himself is also (arguably) an example, as his main role is just to witness Kurtz.

* The HGWells novel ''TheTimeMachine'' is set up as a frame tale narrated by another, who relates what the time traveler has told him about his adventures.

* The protagonist of ''TheLordOfTheRings'' is ostensibly [[TheEveryman Frodo Baggins]], although in fact most of the action is carried forward by other characters. [[spoiler:He's not even the one to destroy the Ring in the end]].

* Johnny Frost in the graphic novel ''Joker'', who follows around the title character for a while.

* Happens with moderate frequency throughout the works of [[HPLovecraft H.P. Lovecraft]].

* Jenny in ''[[NothingsFairInFifthGrade Nothing's Fair in Fifth Grade]]''. While we get to relate to some of her own life problems and situations, the story is really mostly about Elsie, the overweight girl with significant life problems, whose life gradually improves (via Jenny). Jenny's CharacterDevelopment is largely based around her relationship with Elsie.

* In RobertEHoward's ConanTheBarbarian story "Beyond the Black River," Balthus -- until [[spoiler:he gets killed near the end]]. Many of the stories introduce Conan with such a character, who often lasts a long time into the story before we get Conan's POV.

* Several episodes of ''[[WesternAnimation/BatmanTheAnimatedSeries Batman: The Animated Series]]'' do this such as "The Man Who Killed Batman" or "It's Never Too Late," taking place mainly from the viewpoint of a minor or one-shot character.

* Johnny Frost in the graphic novel ''Joker'', who follows around the title character for a while. Funny thing is [[spoiler:he dies at the end going against what an FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator is.]]

* Ishmael in ''MobyDick''. He's arguably the least interesting character in the book, we're given much more information about almost every other characters' backstory, and he stops participating in any of the events in the story entirely half way through the book, describing scenes that he couldn't possibly have been present to witness, and only becomes involved with things again in the book's epilogue.
** In his defense, [[BunnyEarsLawyer he occasionally gets nearly uncontrollable urges to go around knocking people's hats off.]] That's quite interesting.

[[folder: Anime and Manga ]]

* Rock in ''BlackLagoon''. The story is told from his point of view but it's pretty obvious the protagonist is Revy. As if the opening and ending animations being all about her wasn't enough to tip you off. The [[{{UST}} "Why is he watching her so closely?"]] angle is played deliberately.
** Later chapters though are more focused on Rock and he becomes quite an interesting character himself.
* ''TheMelancholyOfHaruhiSuzumiya'': her name is stamped on the product and her face is everywhere in the opening, closing, and promotional material, but the story is told from the point of view of UnreliableNarrator Kyon.
* Einar after the prologue in ''VinlandSaga''.
* Saji Crossroad becomes this during the second season of ''{{Gundam 00}}''. The main character is obviously Setsuna F. Seiei. [[spoiler:Saji also pilots the support machine for Setsuna's eponymous mobile suit which acts as its catalyst.]]
* Tylor in ''TheIrresponsibleCaptainTylor'' is inscrutable, as no one can tell whether he's a lucky idiot or a [[ObfuscatingStupidity genius.]] Yuriko and Yamamoto tend to be the viewpoint characters.
* For the first few eps. of ''{{Trigun}}'' we mostly see Vash from Meryl's point of view, and don't even get confirmation he is Vash for some time. This doesn't last- we get very deep in Vash's psyche by the end.
* Simon takes this role in the first third of ''TengenToppaGurrenLagann'', up until [[spoiler:Kamina dies]]. In this case, however, it's not a viewpoint shift, but the viewpoint character becoming the protagonist as he comes into his own.
* Souryo Fuyumi's manga ''Cesare'' is about a sixteen-year-old Cesare Borgia, his servant Miguel, and the games of XanatosSpeedChess the two are playing with various historical figures. It's actually told by Angelo, some kid who's at school with them (readers usually ''hate'' Angelo, which may or may not be intentional). This is one of those uses where it starts to seem like the Ishmael is a little [[HoYay too fascinated]], though this too may be deliberate.
* Rachel from ''LightNovel/{{Baccano}}'' We mostly find out about the events aboard the Flying Pussyfoot from her report to the President of the Daily Days.
** Subverted in ''The Rolling Bootlegs'': while it appears that Maiza relating the story about his friend and subordinate Firo to a Japanese tourist, [[spoiler:it's actually [[ActuallyIAmHim Firo himself]] telling the tale, and the tourist just assumed otherwise because Firo never properly introduced himself and was wearing glasses like Maiza's.]]
* Sakuno Ryuzaki, and the Freshmen Trio from ''PrinceOfTennis'' (at least initially). Ryoma Echizen's undeniably the focus of the story, but his personality and development are mostly viewed through other characters due to his aloof nature.
* ''FairyTail'' is undeniably Lucy's story. Lucy's story about Natsu and Fairy Tail.

[[folder: Comic Books ]]

* Eva Procorpio has become this in ''{{Shakara}}'' - while Shakara is undoubtedly the protagonist, the story was primarily told through Eva's narration shortly after she was introduced. Then she started getting more screentime than Shakara.
* Evey Hammond in ''VForVendetta'' - V is certainly the lead character, but the story follows Evey as exposure to V changes her.
* [[UnfortunateNames Sexton Furnival]] in ''[[TheSandman Death: The High Cost of Living]]''. Death/Didi is the axis around which the story revolves, with Sexton just having been dragged in after her. But he's the one with real CharacterDevelopment; hanging out with Death for the day renews his interest in living, rather than committing suicide out of sheer ennui like he wanted to do at the beginning.
* Lois Lane in ''WhateverHappenedToTheManOfTomorrow''.
* Dilios telling the story of ''ThreeHundred''.
* Johnny Frost in the graphic novel ''Joker'', who follows around the title character for a while. Funny thing is [[spoiler:he dies at the end going against what an FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator is.]]

[[folder: Film ]]

* ''{{Stalag 17}}''. The real protagonist of the movie is the AntiHero Sefton. The story is narrated and seen through the eyes of his "sidekick" Cookie, a character so bland that his name appears ''dead last'' in the [=IMDb=] cast list for this movie.
* Paco (Edward James Olmos) in ''MyFamilyMiFamilia'', who spends most of the film in the Navy.
* Red from ''TheShawshankRedemption''.
* Traudl Junge fulfills this role in ''Film/{{Downfall}}'' in regards to Hitler, which makes sense, since she was one of the few people in Hitler's bunker to survive and tell her story. [[DrivenToSuicide The movie]] [[CyanidePill portrays this]] [[AteHisGun very blatantly.]] [[HerrDoktor Dr. Schenck]] also falls into this to an extent, except in regards to the general [[EndOfTheWorldAsWeKnowIt chaos]] and [[SceneryGorn destruction]] of besieged Berlin.
* The hospitalized old lady with the diary in ''TheCuriousCaseOfBenjaminButton''. (She turns out to be [[spoiler: Benjamin's love interest from long ago]], but Benjamin is the main character, of course.)
* Mr. Hundert in ''The Emperor's Club'' -- he's the narrator and gets quite a bit of character development in his own scenes, but he spends more time observing Sedgewick Bell than doing anything else.
* Captain Greville in ''Film/TheMadnessOfKingGeorge''.
* Kim and Peg in ''EdwardScissorhands''.
* Walter in ''SecondhandLions'' and Uncle Garth in some of the in-film stories about his adventures with Uncle Hub.
* Henry Burton in ''PrimaryColors''.
* DavidCronenberg is fond of this trope, often telling his stories from the perspective of the romantic interest of the real lead.
** Frank Carveth in ''TheBrood''. The actor, Art Hindle, isn't even mentioned on the cover, while Samantha Eggar and OliverReed (who were both bigger-name actors and play more interesting characters) get top billing.
** Veronica Quaife (Gina Davis) in ''TheFly''.
** Hart Read in ''Rabid''.
** Doctor St. Luc in ''Shivers''.
** To some extent, Cameron Vale of ''{{Scanners}}'', who has literally no personality, while Michael Ironside and Patrick [=MacGoohan=] get much less screen time but are far more memorable and interesting.
* Thomas, Marquis d'Apcher in ''BrotherhoodOfTheWolf''.
* The unnamed narrator in ''WithnailAndI''.
* ''300'' has Herodotus as the narrator, despite the main character being Leonidas.
* [[spoiler:Sweet Pea]] in SuckerPunch.

[[folder: New Media ]]

* The viewpoint character in the archaeology segment of the InteractiveFiction work ''The Beetmonger's Journal'' is a textbook FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator; they're largely a complete cipher, and present primarily to chronicle the exploits of the more dynamic Lapot, and the ''other'' viewpoint character -- the eponymous beetmonger -- as dictated to them by Lapot from a journal they discovered.

[[folder: Live Action TV ]]

* The new series of ''Series/DoctorWho'' starts with the episode "Rose", which has the title character as TheWatson and FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator to ease the audience into the series.
** In fact, the first few episodes featuring any new companion do a bit of this, as the Doctor has to re-explain who he is and what he does. A change in companions is a much better time for new viewers to get into the show than a change in Doctors.
** Unless, of course, both changes happen at once, like with the Eleventh Doctor.
** The DoctorWhoExpandedUniverse novels are typically all written from the perspective of the companions, or the random characters trying to work out what these weirdos are about. [[LampshadeHanging Lampshaded]] in one novel set in the Land of Fiction, where the Master of the Land of Fiction laments ([[{{Metafiction}} in the descriptive text]]) that even in Omniscient Narrator mode, he ''still'' doesn't know what the Doctor is thinking.

[[folder: Troper Works ]]

* WhiteMage Hermea from ''DarthWiki/OurParadise'' is the viewpoint character, but she's clearly TheLancer. It seems the the whole point of it all is to keep the SilentProtagonist silent. Even his thoughts.
* The Student in ''MuseumOfIdiots'', doubling as TheStraightMan. Mostly, his role is to observe [[BunnyEarsLawyer Chickensuit McChickensuit]] and stop him from getting too out-of-hand. He usually fails.

[[folder: Video Games ]]

* Crono from ''VideoGame/ChronoTrigger''. While he is certainly the protagonist, for the whole game he is a silent protagonist who simply is there to observe the decisions of his party and go along with them. The 'real' characters and character development happens to those around him.
** Well, minus ...[[spoiler:Vainly attempting to stop Lavos from killing all his friends [[AndZoidberg and Magus]] and dying in a HeroicSacrifice]]. That scene alone basically gives him some kind of characterization even if he's Silent, not unlike the Persona MCs.
* [[LegacyCharacter The various]] Links act as this, but especially in ''VideoGame/TheLegendOfZeldaMajorasMask'', where the {{NPC}}s are given an unusual amount of in depth characterization.
** ''[[VideoGame/TheLegendOfZeldaTwilightPrincess Twilight Princess]]'' too. Link just serves as an action guy for the real focus of the game: [[TheImp Midna]].
** When you consider that Link was originally just supposed to be a stand-in for the player (which is to say, being the player's '[[MeaningfulName link]]' to the game), this isn't really so surprising.
* [[EarthBoundZero Ninten]] is simply a stand in for the player, and [[HeroicAlbino Lloyd]] and Ana don't get a lot of development either.
* Raiden in ''MetalGearSolid 2'': creator HideoKojima has stated that Solid Snake still was the real main character of the game.
* [[LampshadeHanging Lampshaded]] in ''FinalFantasyXII'' where Vaan himself admits he's "just along for the ride." (though he is the main character of the story in the SpinOff ''RevenantWings'').
* Tidus from ''FinalFantasyX'' is kind of a subversion of FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator, as he seems to be one at first, but it's gradually revealed that [[spoiler: he, along with his father, are the ones meant to bring down Yu Yevon and Sin, end the cycle of death, and free the Fayth from their eternal dreaming.]]
** In a bit of a twist, when he says the words "This is ''our'' story" is the point in the story where he's managed to wrestle the spotlight back from Yuna.
* Subverted in ''InfiniteUndiscovery'', in which the main character, Capell, is a dead-ringer for the hero Sigmund, and mostly tags along for the first third of the game. [[spoiler: Then Sigmund dies, and Capell spends most of the rest of the game impersonating him and doing his job for him. Then you discover that Capell is Sigmund's son, whose birth set most of the plot off. In the end, Capell turns out to be as relevant, if not moreso, than Sigmund to the plot as a whole]].
* In the GhostBusters videogame, you control one unnamed character - but you don't get (almost) any lines, and it's the four movie Busters that are the real stars. They do treat you like an equal later on.
* Harry Mason, Henry Townsend and Travis Grady may be the playable characters in their respective ''SilentHill'' games, but they're coming into the story as (more or less) complete outsiders, trying to discover [[CatchPhrase what the hell]] is up with the world around them. Heather Mason, James Sunderland, and Alex Shepherd start out like this, but then discover an [[TomatoInTheMirror unpleasant surprise]].
* In ''PhantomBrave'', the real protagonist is Marona, as is immediately obvious... but the primary viewpoint character, and the one you control during downtime is her companion Ash. At least part of this is that Marona is too naive and too [[TheMessiah ready to love everything and everyone]] for her to provide an accurate perspective on what's happening and the prejudices she faces.
** And ''MakaiKingdom'', by the same people, takes this even farther -- the protagonist, Overlord Zetta, would be no fun to play as he spends most of the game as an immobile book... so it puts you in control of his head underling, who does the work, but has no actual role in the story -- in fact, the underling is just another generic created PC that can be switched out at will.
* The Wii title ''DeadlyCreatures'' tells the story of two treasure hunters, but you spend the game playing as a scorpion and a tarantula and the story unfolds through their perspective. The events aren't even cut scenes, they just ''happen'' in places that you happen to be passing through.
* A common habit of ''ResidentEvil'' games. In ''Resident Evil 0'', Rebecca and Billy are just wandering through the game, while Wesker, Birkin, and Marcus are setting things in motion around them. ''Resident Evil 2'' stars two people who wander into town during the zombie outbreak. ''Resident Evil Outbreak'' features eight people trying to survive the zombie apocalypse. 1, 3, 4, 5, and C:V are much more personalized.
* The human campaign of ''HeroesOfMightAndMagic IV'' has the main hero's squire as the narrator.
* Colonel Parker in ''{{Resistance}}: Fall of Man'' and ''{{Resistance}}: Retribution''.
* Done in the InteractiveFiction game ''{{Photopia}}'', where the real main character is only ever seen through others' eyes.
* Eddie Riggs of ''BrutalLegend'' does ''not'' fall under this trope... but he initially assumes he does. As a roadie, he figures he's there to play the HyperCompetentSidekick to the "real" stars, and it takes him a while to realize he ''is'' the real star.
* The player character of ''TheElderScrolls: Oblivion'' is arguably FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator for Martin in the main storyline.
** Well, and Martin's best General, Bodyguard, and "maybe" friend to those who kept him with them as long as possible.
* The main player character in ''ModernWarfare 2'' (Sgt. Gary "Roach" Sanderson of Task Force 141) acts as the FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator for his superior, Captain "Soap" [=MacTavish=]. [[spoiler:To emphasize this point, when Roach is killed in the last act of the game, you take over as Soap for the last few levels.]]
* In ''{{Halo}} 3: ODST'', the primary player character is the [[TheVoiceless mute,]] [[HeWhoMustNotBeSeen faceless]] Rookie. For the flashback missions, you take control of his different squadmates, and the real stars of the story are your CO, Gunnery Sgt. Buck, and Veronica Dare.
** He does become the main character by the end of the game though, when he catches up with the events that happened over the last 6 hours.
* Most of the actual story in ''DiabloII'' is narrated by Marius, a random person whom the Dark Wanderer (Diablo) takes along to carry his stuff or something. He is eventually given the task to enter Hell itself to destroy Baal's soulstone, ie. to actually do something, but understandably chickens out. What's interesting is that if Marius is seen as FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator, then the main character is Diablo, not the PlayerCharacter. But since the latter only runs around killing monsters and [[PlayTheGameSkipTheStory misses all the real story]], even Marius himself seems more like the protagonist at times.
* The ending to ''ValkyriaChronicles'' reveals that the whole thing has essentially been the scrapbook of Elle, a (somewhat annoying) journalist who had made it her mission to document Squad 7's adventures.
* The narrator of {{Narcissu}}, who is not even given a name in-game, largely serves as a chauffeur and plot-catalyst for the real focus of the story, Setsumi. [[spoiler:Justified by reason #1 above.]] Setsumi herself fits this role to some degree vis-a-vis Himeko in the prequel, but she does at least get quite a bit of character development.
** He's a bit less of this in the manga.
* This is probably what Milanor of ''YggdraUnion'' was intended to be, but because Yggdra winds up being the viewpoint character of most of the game (right down to our getting her internal monologues), he just winds up being a rather useless side character [[CreatorsPet who gets a disproportionate amount of lines]] for someone who's not all that important.
** Then Yggdra gets kidnapped. [[AscendedExtra Who will be the one]] [[KnightinShiningArmor that lead the team to rescue her?]] That's probably the only time the player's playing Milanor as a full time hero.
* ''ArTonelico2's'' main characters are Luca and Cloche. The player, Croix Bartel, is a supporting character who acts as their mental therapist and love interest.
* Keiichi in ''HigurashiNoNakuKoroNi'' is actually only the second most important character. He's certainly TheHero, but the story isn't about TheHero. [[spoiler:The story is actually about the often overshadowed Furude Rika, which is kept a secret until the end because the only thing she doesn't know about the plot is the reason it's even necessary.]] This makes for an interesting case where Keiichi is not actually a ''full'' example of the trope because the actual protagonist is incredibly passive while undeniably being the focus of the story.

[[/folder]]

[[folder: Theater ]]

* In the musical {{Rent}}, Mark is an aspiring filmmaker who passively observes the dramas and adventures of the rest of the cast while he films them. His role is to narrate to the audience and reflect on their situations.

[[/folder]]

[[folder: Webcomics ]]

* [[NoNameGiven {...}]] from ''HannaIsNotABoysName,'' natch. [[ThePollyanna Hanna]] himself is AmbiguouslyHuman and is implied to have a DarkAndTroubledPast, which remains mysterious as {...} himself doesn't know anything about it. (Heck, [[GhostAmnesia he doesn't even know his own past]], for that matter.)

[[/folder]]

[[folder: Western Animation ]]

* Pvt. Robert "Paperboy" Higgins from ''[[StarshipTroopers Roughnecks: Starship Trooper Chronicles]]'' is a [=FedNet=] reporter, basically embedded with the Mobile Infantry (except he's an enlisted man, not a non-combatant). Most of the show's narration is him speaking in the past tense, as though writing his memoirs, and he states in the first episode, regarding his comrade and the obvious male lead [[OneManArmy Johnny Rico]], "I know he doesn't look like much now, but trust me, this guy's gonna be a legend."
* The Narrator (a pudgy snowman) in the famous Rankin/Bass animated adaptation of ''Rudolph The Red-Nosed Reindeer''. Apparently, his only ''raison d'etre'' besides telling the audience the story is to sing and perform on the guitar songs that are only tangentially related to the plot. The story's ''real'' protagonist, of course, is Rudolph - but since we are viewing ''everything'' through the Narrator's perspective, Herbie the Elf and the Misfit Toys also are depicted as well-rounded characters, and arguably alternate protagonists themselves.
* Several episodes of ''[[WesternAnimation/BatmanTheAnimatedSeries Batman: The Animated Series]]'' do this such as "The Man Who Killed Batman" or "It's Never Too Late," taking place mainly from the viewpoint of a minor or one-shot character.

[[/folder]]

* [[StarWarsExpandedUniverse Thrawn]] is never, ''ever'' the viewpoint character. Starting in ''TheThrawnTrilogy'', where his scenes are witnessed by Pellaeon(who as his second-in-command and sometimes CommanderContrarian has ''very good'' reason for watching him), his thoughts and motives are always a mystery. The closest we ever get to seeing how he operates is in the ''Hand of Thrawn'' Duology where Pellaeon uses similarly [[MagnificentBastard magnificent]] tactics and in ''OutboundFlight'', where the young-ish, slightly less mysterious Thrawn talks a lot with the FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator. It gets somewhat awkward in the short story "Side Trip", where Thrawn disguises himself in Mandalorian armor and everyone except one Imperial officer thinks he's a bounty hunter. Zahn has even said that if he ever introduces a Thrawn clone, the clone will know he's not Thrawn and won't be able to do all the [[SherlockScan same]] [[XanatosSpeedChess things]].
** The ''HandOfThrawn'' Duology has three Imperials working together to make it look like Thrawn has returned. The viewpoint character for them is Moff Disra, handler of political fallout. Neither Flim, the con artist and [[DeadPersonImpersonation physical impersonator of Thrawn]], nor Tierce, the tactical impersonator of Thrawn [[spoiler: and a clone attempt at replicating his genius]], get their thoughts shown.
** ''OutboundFlight'' has {{First Person Peripheral Narrator}}a for ''three'' characters, though the viewpoint characters are all important to the story in their own right. Car'das for Thrawn, Lorana Jinzler and Obi-Wan Kenobi for Jorus C'baoth, and Kinsman Doriana for Darth Sidious. They do mix up in the later parts of the novel, with Car'das and Doriana watching C'baoth and Lorana meeting Thrawn. To a much lesser extent, Obi-Wan and Lorana are also {{First Person Peripheral Narrator}}s for Anakin Skywalker. Who, it is implied through them, has something deeply, subtly wrong with his mindset. It's one of the rare cases where Anakin is characterized as flawed in a way that doesn't involve his anger issues.
** In the ''[[XWingSeries X-Wing]]'' books, the director of Imperial Intelligence and main villain, Ysanne Isard, is also never the viewpoint character, and it is similarly hard to discern her plans. This is different in the X-Wing ''comics'', set before the books, in which she has thought bubbles. In the last-set book to feature her, we get a little from her as the viewpoint character, but she certainly has {{First Person Peripheral Narrator}}s in the Rogues and Krennel.
*** Notice how, even in her final appearance, she dances around the perennial question: whether she had sex with Emperor Palpatine (a question that sheds quite a bit of light on her mentality). If she had head time, the author would've had to spill the beans.

* Just about all of H.G. Wells' books, including the above-mentioned ''Island of Dr. Moreau'' and ''The Time Machine,'' fall prey to this. Perhaps the only novel to avert this is ''TheWarOfTheWorlds,'' where the unnamed narrator is the protagonist by default because no other major characters last for more than a handful of chapters or have any real motives or character development.

* ''[[HoratioHornblower Lieutenant Hornblower]]'' is told from the perspective of one of Hornblower's superior officers, starting with a poor first impression, and proceeding with the increasing awareness of the fact that Hornblower is [[TheChessmaster manipulating him into basically following Hornblower's plan.]] He goes along with it because Hornblower tends to have very good ideas. Of course, the primary reason for this FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator setup (''Lieutenant'' is the only book in the series to do this) is because a central plot of the book is a mystery about their unstable captain who was injured and put into a coma under [[CutHimselfShaving suspicious circumstances]], the only witnesses being Hornblower and a midshipman, [[TheDogBitesBack both of whom suffered abuse at the Captain's hands]].

* Gil Abad in the Spanish novel series ''Marijuli & Gil Abad''. Despite being one of the titular characters, he's a [[TheWatson Watson]] at best. The (few) chapters that aren't written under his point of view are all in a different font, to make this tope even more obvious.

** Similarly, his short story ''TheDoorInTheWall'' is told by someone who's friend is seeking the titular door.

* ''JohnDiesAtTheEnd'' is narrated by the titular John's best friend David, who, while quite interesting and conflicted and well-designed in general, is nothing compared to John's utter insanity. John is generally considered the protagonist.

* The so-called "protagonist" of the book version of ''{{The Island of Doctor Moreau}}'' does nothing but get thrown overboard, land on an island and watch more interesting people do experiments; Moreau and his experiments are the actual protagonists.

* There are two main viewpoint characters in ''Discworld/{{Men at Arms}}''; neither of them is the real protagonist of the story, Carrot.

* ''{{John Dies at the End}}'' is narrated by the titular John's best friend David, who, while quite interesting and conflicted and well-designed in general, is nothing compared to John's utter insanity. John is generally considered the protagonist.
* ''Literature/{{The Name of the Rose}}'' is narrated by the apprentice of the protagonist and investigator.
* ''{{The Strange Case of Doctor Jekyll and Mr Hyde}}'': Utterson

* "Chief" Bromden from ''[[OneFlewOverTheCuckoosNest One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest]]'', who takes center stage over the hero [=McMurphy=] because his hallucinations [[RuleOfSymbolism highlight the symbolism of the book]], and because we have to look up to [=McMurphy=]. We can't ''be'' him.

** The ''{{Hand of Thrawn}}'' Duology has three Imperials working together to make it look like Thrawn has returned. The viewpoint character for them is Moff Disra, handler of political fallout. Neither Flim, the con artist and [[DeadPersonImpersonation physical impersonator of Thrawn]], nor Tierce, the tactical impersonator of Thrawn [[spoiler: and a clone attempt at replicating his genius]], get their thoughts shown.

** Similarly, his short story ''TheDoorInTheWall'' is told by someone who's friend is seeking the titular door.
* Professor Arronax from JulesVerne novel ''{{Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea}}''. He is placed in the position of the FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator against his will by the main character (Captain Nemo) and escapes in the end.

* All four narrators of ''{{The Sound and the Fury}}'' are intended to be this, as William Faulkner always said the book was really about Caddy. However, it's an unusual example of this trope because Caddy's barely there to be seen even through the eyes of the other characters -- it's mostly about the impact her actions have had on the family.

* ''{{Danny the Champion of the World}}'' doesn't necessarily come off this way throughout much of the narrative, but it ends like this:

* Fanny, the narrator of NancyMitford's ''{{Love in a Cold Climate}}'' and ''The Pursuit of Love'' tells the stories of Linda, Polly and Cedric and only mentions concurrent events in her own life - such as her marriage and the birth of her children - in passing.

* Phineas is the FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator in ''John Halifax, Gentleman'', a Victorian novel by Dinah Craik.

* Dunstan, the narrator of ''FifthBusiness'', could be considered this. He himself doesn't really do much, but the accompanying stories of Percy and Paul detail a story of revenge that takes sixty years to conclude. The title even references this; "fifth business" is a stage term meaning that one character who has no real part to play in the story except for the fact that they know a game breaking fact about the main character.

* ''{{The Melancholy of Haruhi Suzumiya}}'': her name is stamped on the product and her face is everywhere in the opening, closing, and promotional material, but the story is told from the point of view of UnreliableNarrator Kyon.

* ''{{Fairy Tail}}'' is undeniably Lucy's story. Lucy's story about Natsu and Fairy Tail.

* The hospitalized old lady with the diary in ''{{The Curious Case of Benjamin Button}}''. (She turns out to be [[spoiler: Benjamin's love interest from long ago]], but Benjamin is the main character, of course.)

* The new series of ''Series/{{Doctor Who}}'' starts with the episode "Rose", which has the title character as {{The Watson}} and FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator to ease the audience into the series.

* The human campaign of ''{{Heroes of Might and Magic}} IV'' has the main hero's squire as the narrator.

* Done in the {{interactive fiction}} game ''{{Photopia}}'', where the real main character is only ever seen through others' eyes.

* Most of the actual story in ''{{Diablo II}}'' is narrated by Marius, a random person whom the Dark Wanderer (Diablo) takes along to carry his stuff or something. He is eventually given the task to enter Hell itself to destroy Baal's soulstone, ie. to actually do something, but understandably chickens out. What's interesting is that if Marius is seen as FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator, then the main character is Diablo, not the PlayerCharacter. But since the latter only runs around killing monsters and [[PlayTheGameSkipTheStory misses all the real story]], even Marius himself seems more like the protagonist at times.

* Tidus from ''FinalFantasyX'' is kind of a subversion of TheIshmael, as he seems to be one at first, but it's gradually revealed that [[spoiler: he, along with his father, are the ones meant to bring down Yu Yevon and Sin, end the cycle of death, and free the Fayth from their eternal dreaming.]]

The author has a fascinating character in mind - it is unquestionably his story - but for one reason or another, getting into their head just wouldn't pan out for the reader; normally this is because:

Enter the FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator, a character not that is not the main character or protaganist, but is chosen as the {{narrator}} because he has an excellent view of the action surrounding the real focal characters.

* Ishmael in ''MobyDick'', the TropeNamer. He's arguably the least interesting character in the book, we're given much more information about almost every other characters' backstory, and he stops participating in any of the events in the story entirely half way through the book, describing scenes that he couldn't possibly have been present to witness, and only becomes involved with things again in the book's epilogue.

* [[OnlySaneMan Sane man]] Duncan Idaho acts as an Ishmael to the title character in [[{{Dune}} God-Emperor of Dune.]]

* Dr. Watson is TheIshmael to SherlockHolmes, in addition to being - appropriately enough - TheWatson.

** She used an Ishmael again in ''The Clocks'', albeit with a one-time character.
** Also the vicar in ''Murder at the Vicarage'', where one of the three superficially similar, gossiping old ladies in the congregation solved the case. MissMarple had a few other Ishmaels over her career.

* [[StarWarsExpandedUniverse Thrawn]] is never, ''ever'' the viewpoint character. Starting in ''TheThrawnTrilogy'', where his scenes are witnessed by Pellaeon(who as his second-in-command and sometimes CommanderContrarian has ''very good'' reason for watching him), his thoughts and motives are always a mystery. The closest we ever get to seeing how he operates is in the ''Hand of Thrawn'' Duology where Pellaeon uses similarly [[MagnificentBastard magnificent]] tactics and in ''OutboundFlight'', where the young-ish, slightly less mysterious Thrawn talks a lot with the Ishmael. It gets somewhat awkward in the short story "Side Trip", where Thrawn disguises himself in Mandalorian armor and everyone except one Imperial officer thinks he's a bounty hunter. Zahn has even said that if he ever introduces a Thrawn clone, the clone will know he's not Thrawn and won't be able to do all the [[SherlockScan same]] [[XanatosSpeedChess things]].

** ''OutboundFlight'' has Ishmaels for ''three'' characters, though the viewpoint characters are all important to the story in their own right. Car'das for Thrawn, Lorana Jinzler and Obi-Wan Kenobi for Jorus C'baoth, and Kinsman Doriana for Darth Sidious. They do mix up in the later parts of the novel, with Car'das and Doriana watching C'baoth and Lorana meeting Thrawn. To a much lesser extent, Obi-Wan and Lorana are also Ishmaels for Anakin Skywalker. Who, it is implied through them, has something deeply, subtly wrong with his mindset. It's one of the rare cases where Anakin is characterized as flawed in a way that doesn't involve his anger issues.
** In the ''[[XWingSeries X-Wing]]'' books, the director of Imperial Intelligence and main villain, Ysanne Isard, is also never the viewpoint character, and it is similarly hard to discern her plans. This is different in the X-Wing ''comics'', set before the books, in which she has thought bubbles. In the last-set book to feature her, we get a little from her as the viewpoint character, but she certainly has Ishmaels in the Rogues and Krennel.

* Professor Arronax from JulesVerne novel ''{{Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea}}''. He is placed in the position of the Ishmael against his will by the main character (Captain Nemo) and escapes in the end.

* RobertAHeinlein may have been trying to do this in his novel ''PodkayneOfMars'', with the title character being The Ishmael for her EvilGenius younger brother Clark. It didn't really work, because she ended up being too strong a character to be overshadowed.
* Leo Borlock, the narrator of ''{{Stargirl}}'' by Jerry Spinelli, is an Ishmael for the title character.

* Damien Vryce is the main viewpoint character of the ''[[ColdfireTrilogy Coldfire]]'' trilogy, but for much of the series he functions as the Ishmael to [[MagnificentBastard The Hunter]]/[[spoiler:[[FallenHero Garald Tarrant]]]].
* The ''{{Everworld}}'' series has ''four.'' The primary four protagonists,(David, Christopher, April, and Jalil) are only protagonists at all, or indeed, in Everworld in the first place, because of they are all associated (in different ways) with the witch who binds all of the story and character arcs together, [[BarrierMaiden as well as the rest of the two universes]]. Averted later in the series when the witch in question finally narrates a book, and Subverted in the eleventh when [[spoiler: the author [[DroppedABridgeOnHim Drops A Bridge On Her]] and focuses on the four Ishmaels in the twelfth book entirely, instead.]]

* Tim Wynne Jones' short story [[http://www.hapon.com/9pdf/kerdydickussty.pdf ''Save The Moon For Kerdy Dickus'']] begins with the line "This is Ky's story." -- Ky being a friend of the young narrator, and her story being about a Stranger who came to Ky's family's house one evening [[spoiler: and thought that they were aliens]]. The friend telling the story was not there for the main events of the story at all. The Ishmael perspective is effective here because, as the narrator says flat out in the first paragraph, "In this story, the way things look is really important," and the fact that the narrator is neither as familiar with those things as Ky nor as unfamiliar with them as the Stranger emphasizes the fact that this story is all about the perspective from which it's told.

* {{Hyperion}} sequel ''Endymion'' has Raul as the Ishmael to Aenea.
* ''[[HoratioHornblower Lieutenant Hornblower]]'' is told from the perspective of one of Hornblower's superior officers, starting with a poor first impression, and proceeding with the increasing awareness of the fact that Hornblower is [[TheChessmaster manipulating him into basically following Hornblower's plan.]] He goes along with it because Hornblower tends to have very good ideas. Of course, the primary reason for this Ishmael setup (''Lieutenant'' is the only book in the series to do this) is because a central plot of the book is a mystery about their unstable captain who was injured and put into a coma under [[CutHimselfShaving suspicious circumstances]], the only witnesses being Hornblower and a midshipman, [[TheDogBitesBack both of whom suffered abuse at the Captain's hands]].

* Johnny Frost in the graphic novel ''Joker'', who follows around the title character for a while. Funny thing is [[spoiler:he dies at the end going against what an Ishmael is.]]

* The viewpoint character in the archaeology segment of the InteractiveFiction work ''The Beetmonger's Journal'' is a textbook Ishmael; they're largely a complete cipher, and present primarily to chronicle the exploits of the more dynamic Lapot, and the ''other'' viewpoint character -- the eponymous beetmonger -- as dictated to them by Lapot from a journal they discovered.

* The new series of ''Series/{{Doctor Who}}'' starts with the episode "Rose", which has the title character as {{The Watson}} and {{The Ishmael}} to ease the audience into the series.

* The player character of ''TheElderScrolls: Oblivion'' is arguably TheIshmael for Martin in the main storyline.

* The main player character in ''ModernWarfare 2'' (Sgt. Gary "Roach" Sanderson of Task Force 141) acts as the Ishmael for his superior, Captain "Soap" [=MacTavish=]. [[spoiler:To emphasize this point, when Roach is killed in the last act of the game, you take over as Soap for the last few levels.]]

* Most of the actual story in ''{{Diablo II}}'' is narrated by Marius, a random person whom the Dark Wanderer (Diablo) takes along to carry his stuff or something. He is eventually given the task to enter Hell itself to destroy Baal's soulstone, ie. to actually do something, but understandably chickens out. What's interesting is that if Marius is seen as The Ishmael, then the main character is Diablo, not the PlayerCharacter. But since the latter only runs around killing monsters and [[PlayTheGameSkipTheStory misses all the real story]], even Marius himself seems more like the protagonist at times.

* Used often in the ''DragonQuest'' series, especially in ''DragonQuestVIII'' [[spoiler: where King Trode and Princess Medea are the main characters and the The Hero barely gets any development until the post-game]] and DragonQuestV [[spoiler: where arguably your mother or your children are the main characters]].
** DragonQuestV's protagonist isn't TheIshmael. Sure, he isn't TheChosenOne, but the whole story is the tale of his life and quests he has have from the childhood to adulthood.

Enter the FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator, a character not that compelling in and of himself, but who is chosen as the {{narrator}} because he has an excellent view of the action surrounding the real focal characters.

FirstPersonPeripheralNarrator doesn't have to be pointless, stupid, GenreBlind or [[TheWatson a form of exposition]] necessarily, just [[SupportingProtagonist not the real main character.]] Indeed, in some cases, it can be his story too in a way: the story of how he passively watched the lead and was deeply influenced. It is not uncommon for the Ishmael to have more CharacterDevelopment than the actual main character.

Done awkwardly, this way of watching someone with eagle eyes makes it feel like the Ishmael is in love with the hero and on occasion probably done for intentional SubText.

A primarily {{literature}}-based trope, but one that shows up in other media occasionally. In VideoGames, this often takes the form of a NonEntityGeneral or other FeaturelessProtagonist.

A SubTrope of SupportingProtagonist. Occasionally overlaps with PinballProtagonist.

Works like this often have a SecondaryCharacterTitle.

* Phineas is TheIshmael in ''John Halifax, Gentleman'', a Victorian novel by Dinah Craik that tends to go unread for a reason. Remember the comment in the summary about how, when this trope is done badly, the narrator seems to be in love with the protagonist? This would be one of those examples.

->''"[[TropeNamer Call me Ishmael]]."''
-->--'''Ishmael''', ''Literature/MobyDick''

Enter the Ishmael, a character not that compelling in and of himself, but who is chosen as the {{narrator}} because he has an excellent view of the action surrounding the real focal characters.

The Ishmael doesn't have to be pointless, stupid, GenreBlind or [[TheWatson a form of exposition]] necessarily, just [[SupportingProtagonist not the real main character.]] Indeed, in some cases, it can be his story too in a way: the story of how he passively watched the lead and was deeply influenced. It is not uncommon for the Ishmael to have more CharacterDevelopment than the actual main character.

Not to be confused with ''{{Ishmael}}'', a philosophical novel by Daniel Quinn.

* Captain Hastings in AgathaChristie's first ''{{Poirot}}'' novel, ''The Mysterious Affair at Styles''.

* [[LegacyCharacter The various]] Links from ''TheLegendOfZelda'' act as this, but especially in ''MajorasMask'', where the {{NPC}}s are given an unusual amount of in depth characterization.
** ''[[TheLegendOfZeldaTwilightPrincess Twilight Princess]]'' too. Link just serves as an action guy for the real focus of the game: [[TheImp Midna]].
*** When you consider that Link was originally just supposed to be a stand-in for the player (which is to say, being the player's '[[MeaningfulName link]]' to the game), this isn't really so surprising.