Robin Hood / Referenced By

References to the original myth:

In 1934, Alex Raymond's comic strip Flash Gordon introduced Prince Barin's land of Arboria, an entire nation of green-clad freedom fighting archers living in a vast forest kingdom.
The superhero Green Arrow, debuting in 1941's More Fun Comics #73, fights crime with Trick Arrows and a Robin Hood-inspired costume. He's taken on other elements of Robin at times; he began championing the poor and oppressed in the '60s, and for a brief time at the very end of the Post-Crisis continuity he became an outlaw and got his own forest to run around in.
- This carries over into the 2012 TV adaptation Arrow, and receives a brief lampshade when Vandal Savage isn't impressed with Green Arrow and brags that he taught "Robin of Locksley" how to use a bow. In another episode Ricardo Diaz refers to Speedy as being "dressed like Will Scarlett", and while it's never drawn attention to, it probably isn't a coincidence that the first member of Team Arrow is a big guy called John.
Batman's sidekick Robin was originally, and still is on occasion, said to have taken his code name from Robin Hood. This gets an oblique nod when Dick (the first Robin) chooses another near legendary hero for his adult code name, this time the Kryptonian hero Nightwing, and Jason (the second Robin) starts going by the name Red Hood.

Loved and Lost: The scene in which Jewelius deduces that Twilight and the other heroes are hiding in Ponyville and decides to massacre all the townsfolk with them, as well as his exchange of words with Lieutenant Shackle, have borrowed elements from the scene in which Prince John decides to use Friar Tuck in luring Robin Hood into a trap.
In the Persona 5 Adult Confidant AU, Robin Hood is Sojiro's initial Persona, rather than Akechi's alternate Persona like in canon.

Films - Animated

A Bug's Life: The (failed) attempt at intimidating the flies that attempted to harass Francis, which was the reason why Flik even mistakenly believed the circus bugs were warriors in the first place, was a spoof on Robin Hood.
Shrek: Robin Hood and his merry men show up to "rescue" Fiona from Shrek. Fiona starts to fight against them in response.

Films - Live Action

Scarlet Days: Alvarez is called as a "frontier Robin Hood" in an intertitle at the beginning.

Davy And The Goblin: Davy meets Robin Hood in chapter 7, who turns out to be the father of Red Riding Hood.
In G. K. Chesterton's Father Brown story "The Paradise of Thieves" (1912), the King of Thieves is explicitly compared to Robin Hood.
"A great man," replied Muscari, "worthy to rank with your own Robin Hood, signorina. Montano, the King of Thieves, was first heard of in the mountains some ten years ago, when people said brigands were extinct. But his wild authority spread with the swiftness of a silent revolution."

Princesses of the Pizza Parlor: In Episode 2, Robin Hood is referenced as an example of the Chaotic Good character alignment:
a Robin Hood type who cared a lot for his people but wouldn't even obey the king.
Tom Gates: In "Yes! No. (Maybe…)", Tom watches a movie about the Robin Hood myths at school. Tom states that the adaption he watched was "not the cartoon version - but you can't have everything."

The episode appropriately named "Robin Hood" in NUMB3RS (originally aired October 26, 2007) has a real-life Robin Hood who robbed from a bunch of evil people and has the rewards donated to charity.
In the Fantasy Island episode "Homecoming/The Sheikh," Tattoo buys a Robin Hood costume, but finds to his dismay that it's way too big for him.
In the Blackadder episode "Amy and Amiability", the highwayman The Shadow is halfway to becoming the next Robin Hood - he robs the rich, but he hasn't got round to giving it to the poor.
The Wire's Omar Little has been referred to as Baltimore's Robin Hood. He robs drug dealers and gives away his loot to the needy.
Terry Nation famously pitched Blake's 7 as Robin Hood in space. Some of the crew's outfits even resemble green camoflage. Blake is the Robin equivalent, Servalan is the Sheriff of Nottingham, Travis is Guy of Gisborne and the rest of the crew are the Merry Men.

In William Shakespeare's As You Like It (ca. 1600), it is said of the exiled Duke:
They say hee is already in the Forrest of Arden, and a many merry men with him; and there they live like the old Robin Hood of England: they say many yong Gentlemen flocke to him every day, and fleet the time carelessly as they did in the golden world.
Love And A Bottle: Robin Hood gets mentioned in the play.

In Grimms Notes Robin Hood is a playable character, and the phoney king John is an event antagonist (under the name King Lackland).
In Persona 5, Robin Hood is Akechi's false Persona, a representation of his affable public persona that masks his true, vengeance-filled nature.
In South Park: Phone Destroyer, Tweek's Fantasy set card, Robin Tweek, is a blatant Robin Hood reference (with a reference to William Tell's apple trick thrown in for good measure).

Zsdav Adventures: Robin Hood appears as a minor antagonist in Burzsúj erdő kronikái 2 (Chronicles of the bourgeois forest 2), he tells the protagonists he robs from the rich and gives to the poor. Zsdav tells him that means the rich will become poor and the poor will become rich, then he has to steal from the former-poor and give the money back to the former-rich.

The Backyardigans episode "Robin Hood the Clean" features Pablo as the title character, who lives in the very clean Purewood Forest and illegally cleans up the squalid town of Filthingham.
The Beetlejuice episode "Robbin Juice of Sherweird Forest" is a cross between a parody and a Whole-Plot Reference to the Errol Flynn adaptation. Some of the backgrounds are exact cartoon replicas of scenes from that movie.