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Fridge Brilliance
Towards the end of the story, both the ethereal rock that powers Grand-Uncle's world, and the blocks that he uses to control it, are said to be emotional - the central stone is angry that Mahito is here, and he recognises that the blocks are "tainted with malice". It might be more than coincidence that early on in the story, Mahito performed his own act of malice, wounding himself in the head with a rock.
The story revolves around the classical four elements, embodied in certain characters - Fire (Lady Himi), Air (The Grey Heron), Earth (Grand-Uncle) and Water (Kiriko).
There's some potent symbolism for the film's villains being anthropomorphic parakeets. Parrots are known for repeating people's words, even though they don't actually understand human language. In a similar way, the parakeets in this movie are mindlessly imitating the trappings of human civilization, with disastrous results. They set up their own nation where they act like humans, but it turns into a fascist nightmare. The Parakeet King tries to take over the Tower from its human master, but he doesn't understand his world's fragile balance, resulting in the towers destruction. Outside the tower, the parakeets turn back into normal birds, without misguidedly imitating humanity.
