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At last count, there were ''sixty-three'' of them, of which 49 are named. Many of these have only been found in the last decade. They are all named after the lovers and descendants of Jupiter/Zeus (''[[DoubleStandardRapeDivineOnMortal God of Horndogs]]!''), so you can tell he really got around. (The names of the lovers and descendants are generally the same or negligibly different between Greek and Latin, so there's not much of an issue, but in case of discrepancy both names tend to get used.)
The first four to be found (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) were discovered by Galileo himself and thus are called the Galilean Moons. They disproved any remaining notions that the Earth was the center of the universe. Galileo [[YesMan wanted to name them after his patrons]], the Medicis, but later generations of astronomers thought otherwise. The same night Galileo discovered them, a German by the name of Simon Marius--who'd independently gotten the idea of pointing a telescope at the heavens -- also saw the same 4 moons, and named them after four of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}'s lovers from Myth/ClassicalMythology; it's these names that are still in use today.
The discovery of the four Galilean moons was a major blow to the geocentric model of the universe, Until Isaac Newton defined the Law of Gravity, it was widely held that Earth could not revolve around the Sun because the Moon would be left behind. Once it was observed that Jupiter was clearly dragging four objects along its orbit, it raised the question of why Earth couldn't do the same with the Moon. (That being said, it wasn't definitive proof; there was also strong evidence that while the planets revolved around the Sun, the Sun and Moon might revolve around the Earth. Solid proof of the Sun-centered Solar System would not come until the 19th century, when astronomers measured parallax in a star that showed the stars to be super-far away. By that point, most astronomers had accepted heliocentrism, but they were basing it on a sense that that solution, which was more elegant, was more likely true, rather than solid evidence.)
The first four to be found (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) were discovered by Galileo himself and thus are called the Galilean Moons. They disproved any remaining notions that the Earth was the center of the universe. Galileo [[YesMan wanted to name them after his patrons]], the Medicis, but later generations of astronomers thought otherwise. The same night Galileo discovered them, a German by the name of Simon Marius--who'd independently gotten the idea of pointing a telescope at the heavens -- also saw the same 4 moons, and named them after four of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}'s lovers from Myth/ClassicalMythology; it's these names that are still in use today.
The discovery of the four Galilean moons was a major blow to the geocentric model of the universe, Until Isaac Newton defined the Law of Gravity, it was widely held that Earth could not revolve around the Sun because the Moon would be left behind. Once it was observed that Jupiter was clearly dragging four objects along its orbit, it raised the question of why Earth couldn't do the same with the Moon. (That being said, it wasn't definitive proof; there was also strong evidence that while the planets revolved around the Sun, the Sun and Moon might revolve around the Earth. Solid proof of the Sun-centered Solar System would not come until the 19th century, when astronomers measured parallax in a star that showed the stars to be super-far away. By that point, most astronomers had accepted heliocentrism, but they were basing it on a sense that that solution, which was more elegant, was more likely true, rather than solid evidence.)
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At last count, there were ''sixty-three'' ''seventy-nine'' of them, of which 49 52 are named. Many of these have only been found in the last decade. They are all named after the lovers and descendants of Jupiter/Zeus (''[[DoubleStandardRapeDivineOnMortal God of Horndogs]]!''), so you can tell he really got around. (The names of the lovers and descendants are generally the same or negligibly different between Greek and Latin, so there's not much of an issue, but in case of discrepancy both names tend to get used.)
The first four to be found (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) were discovered by Galileohimself himself, and thus are called the Galilean Moons. They disproved any remaining notions that the Earth was the center of the universe. Galileo [[YesMan wanted to name them after his patrons]], the Medicis, but later generations of astronomers thought otherwise. The same One night after Galileo discovered them, a German by the name of Simon Marius--who'd Marius — who'd independently gotten the idea of pointing a telescope at the heavens -- — also saw the same 4 moons, and named them after four of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}'s lovers from Myth/ClassicalMythology; it's these names that are still in use today.
The discovery of the four Galilean moons was a major blow to the geocentric model of the universe, Until Isaac Newton definedthe Law his Laws of Gravity, it was widely held that Earth could not revolve around the Sun because the Moon would be left behind. Once it was observed that Jupiter was clearly dragging four objects along its orbit, it raised the question of why Earth couldn't do the same with the Moon. (That being said, it wasn't definitive proof; there was also strong evidence that while the planets revolved around the Sun, the Sun and Moon might revolve around the Earth. Solid proof of the Sun-centered Solar System would not come until the 19th century, when astronomers measured parallax in a star that showed the stars to be super-far away. By that point, most astronomers had accepted heliocentrism, but they were basing it on a sense that that solution, which was more elegant, was more likely true, rather than solid evidence.)
The first four to be found (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) were discovered by Galileo
The discovery of the four Galilean moons was a major blow to the geocentric model of the universe, Until Isaac Newton defined
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Its surface features are named after gods of fire, thunder and lightning, the sun, or blacksmithing (Ra Patera, the volcanoes Pele and Surt, etc.) Given its extreme geological activity, it's questionable how long any of these surface features will last. Based on observations via the Voyager and Galileo probes, Io only needs a mere ''sixteen years'' to replace all of its surface features.
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Its surface features are named after gods of fire, thunder and lightning, the sun, Sun, or blacksmithing (Ra Patera, the volcanoes Pele and Surt, etc.) Given its extreme geological activity, it's questionable how long any of these surface features will last. Based on observations via the Voyager and Galileo probes, Io only needs a mere ''sixteen years'' to replace all of its surface features.
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As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001''[='=]s target instead of [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Saturn's Iapetus]] was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even more so than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}},[[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if Mars had life, it's going to be microbial, and already ''[[UsefulNotes/{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'''s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't make complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]] although since about 2015 [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Enceladus]] has given Europa a run for its money in that department.
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As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001''[='=]s target instead of [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Saturn's Iapetus]] was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even more so than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}},[[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if Mars had life, it's going to be microbial, and already ''[[UsefulNotes/{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'''s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't make complex forms)--and forms) — and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]] although since about 2015 2015, [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Enceladus]] has given Europa a run for its money in that department.
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The largest moon in UsefulNotes/{{the Solar System}}. Larger than {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, it could count as a planet on its own if it weren't already attached to one. Its surface shows evidence of past geological activity. A popular sci-fi (and one-off Series/PowerRangersInSpace) setting, even if it is really just a bigger version of our {{UsefulNotes/the Moon}}, in other words, deader than tanktops. In Series/PowerRangersInSpace, it is shown that Zordon hid the components of the Mega Voyager Zord here in case of emergencies. The radiation here (8 rem/day) won't kill you directly, but you might want to invest in a surrogate gamete donor (those eggs and sperm cells spoil easy!) or an MRI machine (so you can get a cancer scan every six months or so). Also has an under-ice ocean which is probably good for colonization, but the ice crust is thicker, perhaps too thick to drill.
Despite being larger than Mercury, Ganymede isn't as dense. It's less than half of Mercury's mass, and its surface gravity is only 14.6% of Earth's. (Mercury, by contrast, has 38% of Earth's surface gravity, the same as the surface gravity on {{UsefulNotes/Mars}}.)
It is the only moon known to produce its own magnetic field and its surface features are named after locations and [[Myth/EgyptianMythology myths]] of AncientEgypt and Mesopotamia (Tiamat Sulcus, Memphis Facula, etc.). Many of these features are tectonic, possibly formed by tidal heating or by expansion of the moon. Most features, tectonic or crater, appear to have formed several billion years ago over roughly the same time.
Despite being larger than Mercury, Ganymede isn't as dense. It's less than half of Mercury's mass, and its surface gravity is only 14.6% of Earth's. (Mercury, by contrast, has 38% of Earth's surface gravity, the same as the surface gravity on {{UsefulNotes/Mars}}.)
It is the only moon known to produce its own magnetic field and its surface features are named after locations and [[Myth/EgyptianMythology myths]] of AncientEgypt and Mesopotamia (Tiamat Sulcus, Memphis Facula, etc.). Many of these features are tectonic, possibly formed by tidal heating or by expansion of the moon. Most features, tectonic or crater, appear to have formed several billion years ago over roughly the same time.
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The largest moon in UsefulNotes/{{the Solar System}}. Larger than {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, it could count as a planet on its own if it weren't already attached to one. Its surface shows evidence of past geological activity. A popular sci-fi (and one-off Series/PowerRangersInSpace) ''Series/PowerRangersInSpace'') setting, even if it is really just a bigger version of our {{UsefulNotes/the Moon}}, in other words, deader than tanktops. In Series/PowerRangersInSpace, ''Series/PowerRangersInSpace'', it is shown that Zordon hid the components of the Mega Voyager Zord here in case of emergencies. The radiation here (8 rem/day) won't kill you directly, but you might want to invest in a surrogate gamete donor (those eggs and sperm cells spoil easy!) or an MRI machine (so you can get a cancer scan every six months or so). Also has an under-ice ocean which is probably good for colonization, but the ice crust is thicker, perhaps too thick to drill.
Despite being larger than Mercury, Ganymede isn't as dense. It's less than half of Mercury'smass, mass[[labelnote:*]]45%, specifically[[/labelnote]], and its surface gravity is only 14.6% of Earth's. (Mercury, by contrast, has 38% of Earth's surface gravity, the same as the surface gravity on {{UsefulNotes/Mars}}.)
It is the only moon known to produce its own magneticfield field, and its surface features are named after locations and [[Myth/EgyptianMythology myths]] of AncientEgypt and Mesopotamia (Tiamat Sulcus, Memphis Facula, etc.). Many of these features are tectonic, possibly formed by tidal heating or by expansion of the moon. Most features, tectonic or crater, appear to have formed several billion years ago over roughly the same time.
Despite being larger than Mercury, Ganymede isn't as dense. It's less than half of Mercury's
It is the only moon known to produce its own magnetic
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Almost as big as {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}} and the third biggest moon in the Solar System, this dead world is outside the main radiation belts of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}} and is the outermost Galilean moon. At larger scales it's covered by craters on top of other craters. At smaller scales, the surface shows more variety, with plains and knobs, probably formed by the erosion of yet more craters. The general calmness of the place (0.01 rem/day average) makes it a good location to colonize, but most writers tend to ignore it. In fact, it has ''seven times less'' radiation than even our own Earth. Callisto is the only Galilean moon not part of an orbital resonance with the others. Due to the resulting lack of tidal forces from the other three Galilean moons, Callisto's surface has remained largely unchanged since it was bombarded in the early days of the solar system, making it a valuable source of information about the conditions of that time. This lack of tidal heating also makes Callisto the largest non-differentiated body in the Solar System.
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Almost as big as {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}} and the third biggest moon in the Solar System, this dead world is outside the main radiation belts of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}} and is the outermost Galilean moon. At larger scales it's covered by craters on top of other craters. At smaller scales, the surface shows more variety, with plains and knobs, probably formed by the erosion of yet more craters. The general calmness of the place (0.01 rem/day average) makes it a good location to colonize, but most writers tend to ignore it. In fact, it has ''seven times less'' radiation than even our own Earth. Callisto is the only Galilean moon not part of an orbital resonance with the others. Due to the resulting lack of tidal forces from the other three Galilean moons, Callisto's surface has remained largely unchanged since it was bombarded in the early days of the solar system, Solar System, making it a valuable source of information about the conditions of that time. This lack of tidal heating also makes Callisto the largest non-differentiated body in the Solar System.
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!!The Rest Of The Mess (Themisto, Leda, Himalia, Lysithea, etc.)
Also known as irregular satellites, they're believed to be captured asteroids and are probably not permanently attached to {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}. They're grouped into 4 separate families (except for three ungrouped outliers) based on their orbits, and they all stay far away from the big guys in the middle.
Also known as irregular satellites, they're believed to be captured asteroids and are probably not permanently attached to {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}. They're grouped into 4 separate families (except for three ungrouped outliers) based on their orbits, and they all stay far away from the big guys in the middle.
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!!The Rest Of The of the Mess (Themisto, Leda, Himalia, Lysithea, etc.)
Also known as irregular satellites, they're believed to be captured asteroids and are probably not permanently attached to {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}. They're grouped into 4 separate families (except for three ungrouped outliers) based on their orbits, and they all stay far away from the big guys in themiddle.middle.
----
Also known as irregular satellites, they're believed to be captured asteroids and are probably not permanently attached to {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}. They're grouped into 4 separate families (except for three ungrouped outliers) based on their orbits, and they all stay far away from the big guys in the
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See the Deader Than Disco cleanup thread: http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/posts.php?discussion=14654177060A30520700
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The largest moon in UsefulNotes/{{the Solar System}}. Larger than {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, it could count as a planet on its own if it weren't already attached to one. Its surface shows evidence of past geological activity. A popular sci-fi (and one-off Series/PowerRangersInSpace) setting, even if it is really just a bigger version of our {{UsefulNotes/the Moon}}, in other words, [[DeaderThanDisco deader than tanktops]]. In Series/PowerRangersInSpace, it is shown that Zordon hid the components of the Mega Voyager Zord here in case of emergencies. The radiation here (8 rem/day) won't kill you directly, but you might want to invest in a surrogate gamete donor (those eggs and sperm cells spoil easy!) or an MRI machine (so you can get a cancer scan every six months or so). Also has an under-ice ocean which is probably good for colonization, but the ice crust is thicker, perhaps too thick to drill.
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The largest moon in UsefulNotes/{{the Solar System}}. Larger than {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, it could count as a planet on its own if it weren't already attached to one. Its surface shows evidence of past geological activity. A popular sci-fi (and one-off Series/PowerRangersInSpace) setting, even if it is really just a bigger version of our {{UsefulNotes/the Moon}}, in other words, [[DeaderThanDisco deader than tanktops]].tanktops. In Series/PowerRangersInSpace, it is shown that Zordon hid the components of the Mega Voyager Zord here in case of emergencies. The radiation here (8 rem/day) won't kill you directly, but you might want to invest in a surrogate gamete donor (those eggs and sperm cells spoil easy!) or an MRI machine (so you can get a cancer scan every six months or so). Also has an under-ice ocean which is probably good for colonization, but the ice crust is thicker, perhaps too thick to drill.
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As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001''[='=]s target instead of [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Saturn's Iapetus]] was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}. [[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if Mars had life, it's going to be microbial, and already ''[[UsefulNotes/{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'''s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't make complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
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As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001''[='=]s target instead of [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Saturn's Iapetus]] was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso more so than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}. [[note]]To UsefulNotes/{{Mars}},[[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if Mars had life, it's going to be microbial, and already ''[[UsefulNotes/{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'''s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't make complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
[[/note]] although since about 2015 [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Enceladus]] has given Europa a run for its money in that department.
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The discovery of the four Galilean moons was a major blow to the geocentric model of the universe, Until Isaac Newton defined the Law of Gravity, it was widely held that Earth could not revolve around the Sun because the Moon would be left behind. Once it was observed that Jupiter was clearly dragging four objects along its orbit, it raised the question of why Earth couldn't do the same with the Moon.
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The discovery of the four Galilean moons was a major blow to the geocentric model of the universe, Until Isaac Newton defined the Law of Gravity, it was widely held that Earth could not revolve around the Sun because the Moon would be left behind. Once it was observed that Jupiter was clearly dragging four objects along its orbit, it raised the question of why Earth couldn't do the same with the Moon.
Moon. (That being said, it wasn't definitive proof; there was also strong evidence that while the planets revolved around the Sun, the Sun and Moon might revolve around the Earth. Solid proof of the Sun-centered Solar System would not come until the 19th century, when astronomers measured parallax in a star that showed the stars to be super-far away. By that point, most astronomers had accepted heliocentrism, but they were basing it on a sense that that solution, which was more elegant, was more likely true, rather than solid evidence.)
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-->--''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: Odyssey Two]]'' (The addition comes from the film version of the novel.)
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The discovery of the four Galilean moons was a major blow to the geocentric model of the universe, Until Isaac Newton defined the Law of Gravity, it was widely held that Earth could not revolve around the sun because the moon would be left behind. Once It was observed that Jupiter was clearly dragging four objects along its orbit, it raised the question of why Earth couldn't do the same with the moon.
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The discovery of the four Galilean moons was a major blow to the geocentric model of the universe, Until Isaac Newton defined the Law of Gravity, it was widely held that Earth could not revolve around the sun Sun because the moon Moon would be left behind. Once It it was observed that Jupiter was clearly dragging four objects along its orbit, it raised the question of why Earth couldn't do the same with the moon.
Moon.
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About 3640km in diameter, Io is one of the Galilean moons.
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About 3640km 3640 km in diameter, Io is one of the Galilean moons.
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Almost as big as {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}} and the third biggest moon in the Solar System, this dead world is outside the main radiation belts of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}} and is the outermost Galilean moon. At larger scales it's covered by craters on top of other craters. At smaller scales, the surface shows more variety, with plains and knobs, probably formed by the erosion of yet more craters. The general calmness of the place (0.01 rem/day average) makes it a good location to colonize, but most writers tend to ignore it. Callisto is the only Galilean moon not part of an orbital resonance with the others. Due to the resulting lack of tidal forces from the other three Galilean moons, Callisto's surface has remained largely unchanged since it was bombarded in the early days of the solar system, making it a valuable source of information about the conditions of that time. This lack of tidal heating also makes Callisto the largest non-differentiated body in the Solar System.
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Almost as big as {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}} and the third biggest moon in the Solar System, this dead world is outside the main radiation belts of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}} and is the outermost Galilean moon. At larger scales it's covered by craters on top of other craters. At smaller scales, the surface shows more variety, with plains and knobs, probably formed by the erosion of yet more craters. The general calmness of the place (0.01 rem/day average) makes it a good location to colonize, but most writers tend to ignore it. In fact, it has ''seven times less'' radiation than even our own Earth. Callisto is the only Galilean moon not part of an orbital resonance with the others. Due to the resulting lack of tidal forces from the other three Galilean moons, Callisto's surface has remained largely unchanged since it was bombarded in the early days of the solar system, making it a valuable source of information about the conditions of that time. This lack of tidal heating also makes Callisto the largest non-differentiated body in the Solar System.
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Its surface features are named after gods of fire, thunder and lightning, the sun, or blacksmithing (Ra Patera, the volcanoes Pele and Surt, etc.) Given its extreme geological activity, it's questionable how long any of these surface features will last.
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Its surface features are named after gods of fire, thunder and lightning, the sun, or blacksmithing (Ra Patera, the volcanoes Pele and Surt, etc.) Given its extreme geological activity, it's questionable how long any of these surface features will last.
last. Based on observations via the Voyager and Galileo probes, Io only needs a mere ''sixteen years'' to replace all of its surface features.
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Almost as big as {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}} and the third biggest moon in the Solar System, this dead world is outside the main radiation belts of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}} and is the outermost Galilean moon. At larger scales it's covered by craters on top of other craters. At smaller scales, the surface shows more variety, with plains and knobs, probably formed by the erosion of yet more craters. The general calmness of the place (0.01 rem/day average) makes it a good location to colonize, but most writers tend to ignore it. Callisto is the only Galilean moon not part of an orbital resonance with the others. Due to the resulting lack of tidal forces from the other three Galilean moons, Callisto's surface has remained largely unchanged since it was bombarded in the early days of the solar system, making it a valuable source of information about the conditions of that time.
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Almost as big as {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}} and the third biggest moon in the Solar System, this dead world is outside the main radiation belts of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}} and is the outermost Galilean moon. At larger scales it's covered by craters on top of other craters. At smaller scales, the surface shows more variety, with plains and knobs, probably formed by the erosion of yet more craters. The general calmness of the place (0.01 rem/day average) makes it a good location to colonize, but most writers tend to ignore it. Callisto is the only Galilean moon not part of an orbital resonance with the others. Due to the resulting lack of tidal forces from the other three Galilean moons, Callisto's surface has remained largely unchanged since it was bombarded in the early days of the solar system, making it a valuable source of information about the conditions of that time. \n This lack of tidal heating also makes Callisto the largest non-differentiated body in the Solar System.
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Almost as big as {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}} and the third biggest moon in the Solar System, this dead world is outside the main radiation belts of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}} and is the outermost Galilean moon. At larger scales it's covered by craters on top of other craters. At smaller scales, the surface shows more variety, with plains and knobs, probably formed by the erosion of yet more craters. The general calmness of the place (0.01 rem/day average) makes it a good location to colonize, but most writers tend to ignore it. Due to the lack of tidal forces from the other three Galilean moons, Callisto's surface has remained largely unchanged since it was bombarded in the early days of the solar system, making it a valuable source of information about the conditions of that time.
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Almost as big as {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}} and the third biggest moon in the Solar System, this dead world is outside the main radiation belts of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}} and is the outermost Galilean moon. At larger scales it's covered by craters on top of other craters. At smaller scales, the surface shows more variety, with plains and knobs, probably formed by the erosion of yet more craters. The general calmness of the place (0.01 rem/day average) makes it a good location to colonize, but most writers tend to ignore it. Callisto is the only Galilean moon not part of an orbital resonance with the others. Due to the resulting lack of tidal forces from the other three Galilean moons, Callisto's surface has remained largely unchanged since it was bombarded in the early days of the solar system, making it a valuable source of information about the conditions of that time.
time.
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The discovery of the four Galilean moons was a major blow to the geocentric model of the universe, Until Isaac Newton defined the Law of Gravity, it was widely held that Earth could not revolve around the sun because the moon would be left behind. Once It was observed that Jupiter was clearly dragging four objects along its orbit, it raised the question of why Earth couldn't do the same with the moon.
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not quite accurate before
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Amalthea didn't get its name until the mid-20th century; before then it was simply known as "Jupiter V" (as in the Roman numeral 5). Creator/ArthurCClarke wrote a short story by this name, which posited an alien civilization there. (How a civilization could form under such high radiation levels, in surface gravity only 0.2% of Earth's, is another matter.)
to:
Amalthea didn't get its name until the mid-20th century; before then it was simply known as "Jupiter V" (as in the Roman numeral 5). Creator/ArthurCClarke wrote a short story by this name, which posited it was an alien civilization there. (How a civilization could form under such high radiation levels, in surface gravity only 0.2% of Earth's, is another matter.)
starship (yes, the entire moon).
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As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s target instead of [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Saturn's Iapetus]] was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}. [[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if Mars had life, it's going to be microbial, and already ''[[UsefulNotes/{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'''s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't make complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
to:
As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s ''2001''[='=]s target instead of [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Saturn's Iapetus]] was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}. [[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if Mars had life, it's going to be microbial, and already ''[[UsefulNotes/{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'''s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't make complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
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http://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/250px-Jupiter_family_4554.jpg
--> All of these worlds are yours, except Europa. Attempt no landings there. (Use them together. Use them in peace.)
--> -- ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: Odyssey Two]]'' (The addition comes from the film version of the novel.)
--> All of these worlds are yours, except Europa. Attempt no landings there. (Use them together. Use them in peace.)
--> -- ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: Odyssey Two]]'' (The addition comes from the film version of the novel.)
to:
--> All
->''"All of these worlds are yours, except Europa. Attempt no landings there. (Use them together. Use them in peace.)"''
-->--''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: Odyssey Two]]'' (The addition comes from the film version of the novel.)
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UsefulNotes.Earth doesn\'t exist, and if it did there\'d still be no reason to link it every time.
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The first four to be found (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) were discovered by Galileo himself and thus are called the Galilean Moons. They disproved any remaining notions that the {{UsefulNotes/Earth}} was the center of the universe. Galileo [[YesMan wanted to name them after his patrons]], the Medicis, but later generations of astronomers thought otherwise. The same night Galileo discovered them, a German by the name of Simon Marius -- who'd independently gotten the idea of pointing a telescope at the heavens -- also saw the same 4 moons, and named them after four of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}'s lovers from Myth/ClassicalMythology; it's these names that are still in use today.
to:
The first four to be found (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) were discovered by Galileo himself and thus are called the Galilean Moons. They disproved any remaining notions that the {{UsefulNotes/Earth}} Earth was the center of the universe. Galileo [[YesMan wanted to name them after his patrons]], the Medicis, but later generations of astronomers thought otherwise. The same night Galileo discovered them, a German by the name of Simon Marius -- who'd Marius--who'd independently gotten the idea of pointing a telescope at the heavens -- also saw the same 4 moons, and named them after four of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}'s lovers from Myth/ClassicalMythology; it's these names that are still in use today.
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Amalthea didn't get its name until the mid-20th century; before then it was simply known as "Jupiter V" (as in the Roman numeral 5). ArthurCClarke wrote a short story by this name, which posited an alien civilization there. (How a civilization could form under such high radiation levels, in surface gravity only 0.2% of {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s, is another matter.)
to:
Amalthea didn't get its name until the mid-20th century; before then it was simply known as "Jupiter V" (as in the Roman numeral 5). ArthurCClarke Creator/ArthurCClarke wrote a short story by this name, which posited an alien civilization there. (How a civilization could form under such high radiation levels, in surface gravity only 0.2% of {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s, Earth's, is another matter.)
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Because of the pull of Europa and Ganymede, Io suffers from huge tidal forces, [[LethalLavaLand resulting in constant volcanic eruptions jutting out hundreds of kilometers into space]]. The colourful surface, resembling a pizza due to massive deposits of sulfur, is constantly changing as a result. Most of the material in {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}'s magnetosphere comes from Io's volcanoes, including the radiation belts and a gas and plasma ring near Io's orbit; as Io's surface gravity is only 18.3% as strong as {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s, its volcanic gases can easily reach escape velocity. The radiation levels (3600 rem/day) this close to {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}} as a result will kill you, but you'll have a few hours to savor the unfairness of it all before your nervous system collapses.
Its surface features are named after gods of fire, thunder and lightning, the sun or blacksmithing (Ra Patera, the volcanoes Pele and Surt, etc.) Given its extreme geological activity, it's questionable how long any of these surface features will last.
Io was the setting for the movie ''Film/{{Outland}}''.
* Io is also the home planet of Arnold Judas Rimmer, from ''Series/RedDwarf''. The radiation levels may explain much about the Rimmer family, especially Arnold.
Its surface features are named after gods of fire, thunder and lightning, the sun or blacksmithing (Ra Patera, the volcanoes Pele and Surt, etc.) Given its extreme geological activity, it's questionable how long any of these surface features will last.
Io was the setting for the movie ''Film/{{Outland}}''.
* Io is also the home planet of Arnold Judas Rimmer, from ''Series/RedDwarf''. The radiation levels may explain much about the Rimmer family, especially Arnold.
to:
Because of the pull of Europa and Ganymede, Io suffers from huge tidal forces, [[LethalLavaLand resulting in constant volcanic eruptions jutting out hundreds of kilometers into space]]. The colourful surface, resembling a pizza due to massive deposits of sulfur, is constantly changing as a result. Most of the material in {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}'s magnetosphere comes from Io's volcanoes, including the radiation belts and a gas and plasma ring near Io's orbit; as Io's surface gravity is only 18.3% as strong as {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s, Earth's, its volcanic gases can easily reach escape velocity. The radiation levels (3600 rem/day) this close to {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}} Jupiter as a result will kill you, but you'll have a few hours to savor the unfairness of it all before your nervous system collapses.
Its surface features are named after gods of fire, thunder and lightning, thesun sun, or blacksmithing (Ra Patera, the volcanoes Pele and Surt, etc.) Given its extreme geological activity, it's questionable how long any of these surface features will last.
Io was the setting for the movie''Film/{{Outland}}''.
* Io''Film/{{Outland}}'', and is also the home planet of Arnold Judas Rimmer, from ''Series/RedDwarf''. The radiation levels may explain much about the Rimmer family, especially Arnold.Arnold.
Its surface features are named after gods of fire, thunder and lightning, the
Io was the setting for the movie
* Io
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Just smaller than {{UsefulNotes/the Moon}}, Europa is covered by a cracked, frozen ocean (smoother than a billiard ball would be if it was the same size) and has a tenuous atmosphere (on {{UsefulNotes/Earth}} it would be considered a pretty decent vacuum). It may support simple life under the surface. Here the radiation levels (540 rem/day) are less, so you'll have [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walking_ghost_phase up to a week or so to get your affairs together]]. [[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact Attempt no landings here]]. However, the ocean under the ice is considered a good place to colonize: the thick ice crust protects from radiation; the water provides, well, water, and a ready if potentially expensive source of oxygen; and the same forces keeping the ocean liquid substantially cuts down your heating bill.
Its surface features are named after places and myths of the Celtic mythos (Tara Regio, the crater Pwyll, etc.). Surface gravity is 13.4% of {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s.
As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s target instead of [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Saturn's Iapetus]] was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}.[[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if {{UsefulNotes/Mars}} had life, it's going to be microbial, and already [[UsefulNotes/{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't more complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
Its surface features are named after places and myths of the Celtic mythos (Tara Regio, the crater Pwyll, etc.). Surface gravity is 13.4% of {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s.
As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s target instead of [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Saturn's Iapetus]] was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}.[[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if {{UsefulNotes/Mars}} had life, it's going to be microbial, and already [[UsefulNotes/{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't more complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
to:
Just smaller than {{UsefulNotes/the Moon}}, Europa is covered by a cracked, frozen ocean (smoother than a billiard ball would be if it was the same size) and has a tenuous atmosphere (on {{UsefulNotes/Earth}} Earth it would be considered a pretty decent vacuum). It may support simple life under the surface. Here the radiation levels (540 rem/day) are less, so you'll have [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walking_ghost_phase up to a week or so to get your affairs together]]. [[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact Attempt no landings here]]. However, the ocean under the ice is considered a good place to colonize: the thick ice crust protects from radiation; the water provides, well, water, and a ready if potentially expensive source of oxygen; and the same forces keeping the ocean liquid substantially cuts down your heating bill.
Its surface features are named after places and myths of the Celtic mythos (Tara Regio, the crater Pwyll, etc.). Surface gravity is 13.4% of{{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s.
Earth's.
As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s target instead of [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Saturn's Iapetus]] was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}. [[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if{{UsefulNotes/Mars}} Mars had life, it's going to be microbial, and already [[UsefulNotes/{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'s ''[[UsefulNotes/{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'''s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't more make complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
Its surface features are named after places and myths of the Celtic mythos (Tara Regio, the crater Pwyll, etc.). Surface gravity is 13.4% of
As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s target instead of [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Saturn's Iapetus]] was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}. [[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if
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The largest moon in the Solar System. Larger than {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, it could count as a planet if on its own if it weren't already attached to one. Its surface shows evidence of past geological activity. A popular sci-fi (and one-off Series/PowerRangersInSpace) setting, even if it is really just a bigger version of our {{UsefulNotes/the Moon}}, in other words, [[DeaderThanDisco deader than tanktops]]. In Series/PowerRangersInSpace, it is shown that Zordon hid the components of the Mega Voyager Zord here in case of emergencies. The radiation here (8 rem/day) won't kill you directly, but you might want to invest in a surrogate gamete donor (those eggs and sperm cells spoil easy!) or an MRI machine (so you can get a cancer scan every six months or so). Also has an under-ice ocean which is probably good for colonization, but the ice crust is thicker, perhaps too thick to drill.
Despite being larger than {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, Ganymede isn't as dense. It's less than half of {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}'s mass, and its surface gravity is only 14.6% of {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s. ({{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, by contrast, has 38% of {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s surface gravity, the same as the surface gravity on {{UsefulNotes/Mars}}.)
It is the only moon known to produce its own magnetic field and its surface features are named after locations and myths of AncientEgypt and Mesopotamia (Tiamat Sulcus, Memphis Facula, etc.). Many of these features are tectonic, possibly formed by tidal heating or by expansion of the moon. Most features, tectonic or crater, appear to have formed several billion years ago over roughly the same time.
Despite being larger than {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, Ganymede isn't as dense. It's less than half of {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}'s mass, and its surface gravity is only 14.6% of {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s. ({{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, by contrast, has 38% of {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s surface gravity, the same as the surface gravity on {{UsefulNotes/Mars}}.)
It is the only moon known to produce its own magnetic field and its surface features are named after locations and myths of AncientEgypt and Mesopotamia (Tiamat Sulcus, Memphis Facula, etc.). Many of these features are tectonic, possibly formed by tidal heating or by expansion of the moon. Most features, tectonic or crater, appear to have formed several billion years ago over roughly the same time.
to:
The largest moon in the UsefulNotes/{{the Solar System. System}}. Larger than {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, it could count as a planet if on its own if it weren't already attached to one. Its surface shows evidence of past geological activity. A popular sci-fi (and one-off Series/PowerRangersInSpace) setting, even if it is really just a bigger version of our {{UsefulNotes/the Moon}}, in other words, [[DeaderThanDisco deader than tanktops]]. In Series/PowerRangersInSpace, it is shown that Zordon hid the components of the Mega Voyager Zord here in case of emergencies. The radiation here (8 rem/day) won't kill you directly, but you might want to invest in a surrogate gamete donor (those eggs and sperm cells spoil easy!) or an MRI machine (so you can get a cancer scan every six months or so). Also has an under-ice ocean which is probably good for colonization, but the ice crust is thicker, perhaps too thick to drill.
Despite being larger than{{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, Mercury, Ganymede isn't as dense. It's less than half of {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}'s Mercury's mass, and its surface gravity is only 14.6% of {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s. ({{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, Earth's. (Mercury, by contrast, has 38% of {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s Earth's surface gravity, the same as the surface gravity on {{UsefulNotes/Mars}}.)
It is the only moon known to produce its own magnetic field and its surface features are named after locations andmyths [[Myth/EgyptianMythology myths]] of AncientEgypt and Mesopotamia (Tiamat Sulcus, Memphis Facula, etc.). Many of these features are tectonic, possibly formed by tidal heating or by expansion of the moon. Most features, tectonic or crater, appear to have formed several billion years ago over roughly the same time.
Despite being larger than
It is the only moon known to produce its own magnetic field and its surface features are named after locations and
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Its surface features are named after elements of northern ([[Myth/NorseMythology Norse]], [[Myth/CelticMythology Celtic]], Inuit, Uralic, etc.) myths (Valhalla Basin, the crater Bran, etc.). Surface gravity is 12.6% of {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s.
to:
Its surface features are named after elements of northern ([[Myth/NorseMythology Norse]], [[Myth/CelticMythology Celtic]], Inuit, Uralic, etc.) myths (Valhalla Basin, the crater Bran, etc.). Surface gravity is 12.6% of {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s.
Earth's.
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Almost as big as {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}} and the third biggest moon in the Solar System, this dead world is outside the main radiation belts of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}} and is the outermost Galilean moon. At larger scales it's covered by craters on top of other craters. At smaller scales, the surface shows more variety, with plains and knobs, probably formed by the erosion of yet more craters. The general calmness of the place (0.01 rem/day average) makes it a good location to colonize, but most writers tend to ignore it.
to:
Almost as big as {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}} and the third biggest moon in the Solar System, this dead world is outside the main radiation belts of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}} and is the outermost Galilean moon. At larger scales it's covered by craters on top of other craters. At smaller scales, the surface shows more variety, with plains and knobs, probably formed by the erosion of yet more craters. The general calmness of the place (0.01 rem/day average) makes it a good location to colonize, but most writers tend to ignore it.
it. Due to the lack of tidal forces from the other three Galilean moons, Callisto's surface has remained largely unchanged since it was bombarded in the early days of the solar system, making it a valuable source of information about the conditions of that time.
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The first four to be found (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) were discovered by Galileo himself and thus are called the Galilean Moons. They disproved any remaining notions that the {{UsefulNotes/Earth}} was the center of the universe. Galileo [[YesMan wanted to name them after his patrons]], the Medicis, but later generations of astronomers thought otherwise. The same night Galileo discovered them, a German by the name of Simon Marius -- who'd independently gotten the idea of pointing a telescope at the heavens -- also saw the same 4 moons, and named them after four of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}'s lovers from ClassicalMythology; it's these names that are still in use today.
to:
The first four to be found (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) were discovered by Galileo himself and thus are called the Galilean Moons. They disproved any remaining notions that the {{UsefulNotes/Earth}} was the center of the universe. Galileo [[YesMan wanted to name them after his patrons]], the Medicis, but later generations of astronomers thought otherwise. The same night Galileo discovered them, a German by the name of Simon Marius -- who'd independently gotten the idea of pointing a telescope at the heavens -- also saw the same 4 moons, and named them after four of {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}'s lovers from ClassicalMythology; Myth/ClassicalMythology; it's these names that are still in use today.
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Its surface features are named after elements of northern ([[NorseMythology Norse]], [[CelticMythology Celtic]], Inuit, Uralic, etc.) myths (Valhalla Basin, the crater Bran, etc.). Surface gravity is 12.6% of {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s.
to:
Its surface features are named after elements of northern ([[NorseMythology ([[Myth/NorseMythology Norse]], [[CelticMythology [[Myth/CelticMythology Celtic]], Inuit, Uralic, etc.) myths (Valhalla Basin, the crater Bran, etc.). Surface gravity is 12.6% of {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s.
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* Io is also the home planet of Arnold Judas Rimmer, from ''RedDwarf''. The radiation levels may explain much about the Rimmer family, especially Arnold.
to:
* Io is also the home planet of Arnold Judas Rimmer, from ''RedDwarf''.''Series/RedDwarf''. The radiation levels may explain much about the Rimmer family, especially Arnold.
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[[{{Pun}} A real hot spot in the Solar System, in a lot more ways than one]].
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As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s target instead of [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Saturn's Iapetus]] was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}.[[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if {{UsefulNotes/Mars}} had life, it's going to be microbial, and already [[{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't more complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
to:
As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s target instead of [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Saturn's Iapetus]] was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}.[[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if {{UsefulNotes/Mars}} had life, it's going to be microbial, and already [[{{NASA}} [[UsefulNotes/{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't more complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
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As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s target instead of Saturn's Iapetus was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}.[[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if {{UsefulNotes/Mars}} had life, it's going to be microbial, and already [[{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't more complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
to:
As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s target instead of [[UsefulNotes/TheMoonsOfSaturn Saturn's Iapetus Iapetus]] was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}.[[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if {{UsefulNotes/Mars}} had life, it's going to be microbial, and already [[{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't more complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
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The largest moon in the Solar System. Larger than {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, it could count as a planet if on its own if it weren't already attached to one. Its surface shows evidence of past geological activity. A popular sci-fi (and one-off [[Series/PowerRangersInSpace]]) setting, even if it is really just a bigger version of our {{UsefulNotes/the Moon}}, in other words, [[DeaderThanDisco deader than tanktops]]. In [[Series/PowerRangersInSpace]], it is shown that Zordon hid the components of the Mega Voyager Zord here in case of emergencies. The radiation here (8 rem/day) won't kill you directly, but you might want to invest in a surrogate gamete donor (those eggs and sperm cells spoil easy!) or an MRI machine (so you can get a cancer scan every six months or so). Also has an under-ice ocean which is probably good for colonization, but the ice crust is thicker, perhaps too thick to drill.
to:
The largest moon in the Solar System. Larger than {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, it could count as a planet if on its own if it weren't already attached to one. Its surface shows evidence of past geological activity. A popular sci-fi (and one-off [[Series/PowerRangersInSpace]]) Series/PowerRangersInSpace) setting, even if it is really just a bigger version of our {{UsefulNotes/the Moon}}, in other words, [[DeaderThanDisco deader than tanktops]]. In [[Series/PowerRangersInSpace]], Series/PowerRangersInSpace, it is shown that Zordon hid the components of the Mega Voyager Zord here in case of emergencies. The radiation here (8 rem/day) won't kill you directly, but you might want to invest in a surrogate gamete donor (those eggs and sperm cells spoil easy!) or an MRI machine (so you can get a cancer scan every six months or so). Also has an under-ice ocean which is probably good for colonization, but the ice crust is thicker, perhaps too thick to drill.
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Just smaller than our {{UsefulNotes/the Moon}}, Europa is covered by a cracked, frozen ocean (smoother than a billiard ball would be if it was the same size) and has a tenuous atmosphere (on {{UsefulNotes/Earth}} it would be considered a pretty decent vacuum). It may support simple life under the surface. Here the radiation levels (540 rem/day) are less, so you'll have [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walking_ghost_phase up to a week or so to get your affairs together]]. [[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact Attempt no landings here]]. However, the ocean under the ice is considered a good place to colonize: the thick ice crust protects from radiation; the water provides, well, water, and a ready if potentially expensive source of oxygen; and the same forces keeping the ocean liquid substantially cuts down your heating bill.
to:
Just smaller than our {{UsefulNotes/the Moon}}, Europa is covered by a cracked, frozen ocean (smoother than a billiard ball would be if it was the same size) and has a tenuous atmosphere (on {{UsefulNotes/Earth}} it would be considered a pretty decent vacuum). It may support simple life under the surface. Here the radiation levels (540 rem/day) are less, so you'll have [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walking_ghost_phase up to a week or so to get your affairs together]]. [[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact Attempt no landings here]]. However, the ocean under the ice is considered a good place to colonize: the thick ice crust protects from radiation; the water provides, well, water, and a ready if potentially expensive source of oxygen; and the same forces keeping the ocean liquid substantially cuts down your heating bill.
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Amalthea didn't get its name until the mid-20th century; before then it was simply known as "Jupiter V" (as in the Roman numeral 5). ArthurCClarke wrote a short story by this name, which posited an alien civilization there. (How a civilization could form under such high radiation levels, in surface gravity only 0.2% of {{{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s, is another matter.)
to:
Amalthea didn't get its name until the mid-20th century; before then it was simply known as "Jupiter V" (as in the Roman numeral 5). ArthurCClarke wrote a short story by this name, which posited an alien civilization there. (How a civilization could form under such high radiation levels, in surface gravity only 0.2% of {{{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s, {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s, is another matter.)
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Four irregular shaped moons, being pretty small and not large enough to form into spheres. Due to tidal forces, the first two will eventually drop into the planet or break up into ring particles. The largest, Amalthea, was discovered in 1892 and is very, very red. The radiation levels this close to Jupiter ''will'' kill you faster than you can say "non-functional DNA".
to:
Four irregular shaped moons, being pretty small and not large enough to form into spheres. Due to tidal forces, the first two will eventually drop into the planet or break up into ring particles. The largest, Amalthea, was discovered in 1892 and is very, very red. The radiation levels this close to Jupiter {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}} ''will'' kill you faster than you can say "non-functional DNA".
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The first four to be found (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) were discovered by Galileo himself and thus are called the Galilean Moons. He [[YesMan wanted to name them after his patrons]], the Medicis, but later generations of astronomers thought otherwise. The same night Galileo discovered them, a German by the name of Simon Marius -- who'd independently gotten the idea of pointing a telescope at the heavens -- also saw the same 4 moons, and named them after four of Jupiter's lovers from ClassicalMythology; it's these names that are still in use today.
to:
The first four to be found (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) were discovered by Galileo himself and thus are called the Galilean Moons. He They disproved any remaining notions that the {{UsefulNotes/Earth}} was the center of the universe. Galileo [[YesMan wanted to name them after his patrons]], the Medicis, but later generations of astronomers thought otherwise. The same night Galileo discovered them, a German by the name of Simon Marius -- who'd independently gotten the idea of pointing a telescope at the heavens -- also saw the same 4 moons, and named them after four of Jupiter's {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}'s lovers from ClassicalMythology; it's these names that are still in use today.
Changed line(s) 16,17 (click to see context) from:
Amalthea didn't get its name until the mid-20th century; before then it was simply known as "Jupiter V" (as in the Roman numeral 5). ArthurCClarke wrote a short story by this name, which posited an alien civilization there. (How a civilization could form under such high radiation levels, in surface gravity only 0.2% of Earth's, is another matter.)
to:
Amalthea didn't get its name until the mid-20th century; before then it was simply known as "Jupiter V" (as in the Roman numeral 5). ArthurCClarke wrote a short story by this name, which posited an alien civilization there. (How a civilization could form under such high radiation levels, in surface gravity only 0.2% of Earth's, {{{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s, is another matter.)
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Because of the pull of Europa and Ganymede, Io suffers from huge tidal forces, [[LethalLavaLand resulting in constant volcanic eruptions jutting out hundreds of kilometers into space]]. The colourful surface, resembling a pizza due to massive deposits of sulfur, is constantly changing as a result. Most of the material in Jupiter's magnetosphere comes from Io's volcanoes, including the radiation belts and a gas and plasma ring near Io's orbit; as Io's surface gravity is only 18.3% as strong as Earth's, its volcanic gases can easily reach escape velocity. The radiation levels (3600 rem/day) this close to Jupiter as a result will kill you, but you'll have a few hours to savor the unfairness of it all before your nervous system collapses.
to:
Because of the pull of Europa and Ganymede, Io suffers from huge tidal forces, [[LethalLavaLand resulting in constant volcanic eruptions jutting out hundreds of kilometers into space]]. The colourful surface, resembling a pizza due to massive deposits of sulfur, is constantly changing as a result. Most of the material in Jupiter's {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}'s magnetosphere comes from Io's volcanoes, including the radiation belts and a gas and plasma ring near Io's orbit; as Io's surface gravity is only 18.3% as strong as Earth's, {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s, its volcanic gases can easily reach escape velocity. The radiation levels (3600 rem/day) this close to Jupiter {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}} as a result will kill you, but you'll have a few hours to savor the unfairness of it all before your nervous system collapses.
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Just smaller than our Moon, Europa is covered by a cracked, frozen ocean (smoother than a billiard ball would be if it was the same size) and has a tenuous atmosphere (on Earth it would be considered a pretty decent vacuum). It may support simple life under the surface. Here the radiation levels (540 rem/day) are less, so you'll have [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walking_ghost_phase up to a week or so to get your affairs together]]. [[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact Attempt no landings here]]. However, the ocean under the ice is considered a good place to colonize: the thick ice crust protects from radiation; the water provides, well, water, and a ready if potentially expensive source of oxygen; and the same forces keeping the ocean liquid substantially cuts down your heating bill.
Its surface features are named after places and myths of the Celtic mythos (Tara Regio, the crater Pwyll, etc.). Surface gravity is 13.4% of Earth's.
As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s target instead of Saturn's Iapetus was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}.[[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if Mars had life, it's going to be microbial, and already [[{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't more complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
Its surface features are named after places and myths of the Celtic mythos (Tara Regio, the crater Pwyll, etc.). Surface gravity is 13.4% of Earth's.
As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s target instead of Saturn's Iapetus was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}.[[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if Mars had life, it's going to be microbial, and already [[{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't more complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
to:
Just smaller than our Moon, {{UsefulNotes/the Moon}}, Europa is covered by a cracked, frozen ocean (smoother than a billiard ball would be if it was the same size) and has a tenuous atmosphere (on Earth {{UsefulNotes/Earth}} it would be considered a pretty decent vacuum). It may support simple life under the surface. Here the radiation levels (540 rem/day) are less, so you'll have [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walking_ghost_phase up to a week or so to get your affairs together]]. [[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact Attempt no landings here]]. However, the ocean under the ice is considered a good place to colonize: the thick ice crust protects from radiation; the water provides, well, water, and a ready if potentially expensive source of oxygen; and the same forces keeping the ocean liquid substantially cuts down your heating bill.
Its surface features are named after places and myths of the Celtic mythos (Tara Regio, the crater Pwyll, etc.). Surface gravity is 13.4% ofEarth's.
{{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s.
As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s target instead of Saturn's Iapetus was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}.[[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that ifMars {{UsefulNotes/Mars}} had life, it's going to be microbial, and already [[{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't more complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
Its surface features are named after places and myths of the Celtic mythos (Tara Regio, the crater Pwyll, etc.). Surface gravity is 13.4% of
As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s target instead of Saturn's Iapetus was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}.[[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if
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The largest moon in the Solar System. Larger than Mercury, it could count as a planet if on its own if it weren't already attached to one. Its surface shows evidence of past geological activity. A popular sci-fi setting, even if it is really just a bigger version of our Moon, in other words, [[DeaderThanDisco deader than tanktops]]. The radiation here (8 rem/day) won't kill you directly, but you might want to invest in a surrogate gamete donor (those eggs and sperm cells spoil easy!) or an MRI machine (so you can get a cancer scan every six months or so). Also has an under-ice ocean which is probably good for colonization, but the ice crust is thicker, perhaps too thick to drill.
Despite being larger than Mercury, Ganymede isn't as dense. It's less than half of Mercury's mass, and its surface gravity is only 14.6% of Earth's. (Mercury, by contrast, has 38% of Earth's surface gravity, the same as the surface gravity on Mars.)
Its surface features are named after locations and myths of AncientEgypt and Mesopotamia (Tiamat Sulcus, Memphis Facula, etc.). Many of these features are tectonic, possibly formed by tidal heating or by expansion of the moon. Most features, tectonic or crater, appear to have formed several billion years ago over roughly the same time.
It is the only moon known to produce its own magnetic field.
Despite being larger than Mercury, Ganymede isn't as dense. It's less than half of Mercury's mass, and its surface gravity is only 14.6% of Earth's. (Mercury, by contrast, has 38% of Earth's surface gravity, the same as the surface gravity on Mars.)
Its surface features are named after locations and myths of AncientEgypt and Mesopotamia (Tiamat Sulcus, Memphis Facula, etc.). Many of these features are tectonic, possibly formed by tidal heating or by expansion of the moon. Most features, tectonic or crater, appear to have formed several billion years ago over roughly the same time.
It is the only moon known to produce its own magnetic field.
to:
The largest moon in the Solar System. Larger than Mercury, {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, it could count as a planet if on its own if it weren't already attached to one. Its surface shows evidence of past geological activity. A popular sci-fi (and one-off [[Series/PowerRangersInSpace]]) setting, even if it is really just a bigger version of our Moon, {{UsefulNotes/the Moon}}, in other words, [[DeaderThanDisco deader than tanktops]].tanktops]]. In [[Series/PowerRangersInSpace]], it is shown that Zordon hid the components of the Mega Voyager Zord here in case of emergencies. The radiation here (8 rem/day) won't kill you directly, but you might want to invest in a surrogate gamete donor (those eggs and sperm cells spoil easy!) or an MRI machine (so you can get a cancer scan every six months or so). Also has an under-ice ocean which is probably good for colonization, but the ice crust is thicker, perhaps too thick to drill.
Despite being larger thanMercury, {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, Ganymede isn't as dense. It's less than half of Mercury's {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}'s mass, and its surface gravity is only 14.6% of Earth's. (Mercury, {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s. ({{UsefulNotes/Mercury}}, by contrast, has 38% of Earth's {{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s surface gravity, the same as the surface gravity on Mars.{{UsefulNotes/Mars}}.)
Its It is the only moon known to produce its own magnetic field and its surface features are named after locations and myths of AncientEgypt and Mesopotamia (Tiamat Sulcus, Memphis Facula, etc.). Many of these features are tectonic, possibly formed by tidal heating or by expansion of the moon. Most features, tectonic or crater, appear to have formed several billion years ago over roughly the same time.
It is the only moon known to produce its own magnetic field.
time.
Despite being larger than
It is the only moon known to produce its own magnetic field.
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Almost as big as Mercury and the third biggest moon in the Solar System, this dead world is outside the main radiation belts of Jupiter and is the outermost Galilean moon. At larger scales it's covered by craters on top of other craters. At smaller scales, the surface shows more variety, with plains and knobs, probably formed by the erosion of yet more craters. The general calmness of the place (0.01 rem/day average) makes it a good location to colonise, but most writers tend to ignore it.
Its surface features are named after elements of northern ([[NorseMythology Norse]], [[CelticMythology Celtic]], Inuit, Uralic, etc.) myths (Valhalla Basin, the crater Bran, etc.). Surface gravity is 12.6% of Earth's.
Its surface features are named after elements of northern ([[NorseMythology Norse]], [[CelticMythology Celtic]], Inuit, Uralic, etc.) myths (Valhalla Basin, the crater Bran, etc.). Surface gravity is 12.6% of Earth's.
to:
Almost as big as Mercury {{UsefulNotes/Mercury}} and the third biggest moon in the Solar System, this dead world is outside the main radiation belts of Jupiter {{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}} and is the outermost Galilean moon. At larger scales it's covered by craters on top of other craters. At smaller scales, the surface shows more variety, with plains and knobs, probably formed by the erosion of yet more craters. The general calmness of the place (0.01 rem/day average) makes it a good location to colonise, colonize, but most writers tend to ignore it.
Its surface features are named after elements of northern ([[NorseMythology Norse]], [[CelticMythology Celtic]], Inuit, Uralic, etc.) myths (Valhalla Basin, the crater Bran, etc.). Surface gravity is 12.6% ofEarth's.
{{UsefulNotes/Earth}}'s.
Its surface features are named after elements of northern ([[NorseMythology Norse]], [[CelticMythology Celtic]], Inuit, Uralic, etc.) myths (Valhalla Basin, the crater Bran, etc.). Surface gravity is 12.6% of
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Also known as irregular satellites, they're believed to be captured asteroids and are probably not permanently attached to Jupiter. They're grouped into 4 separate families (except for three ungrouped outliers) based on their orbits, and they all stay far away from the big guys in the middle.
to:
Also known as irregular satellites, they're believed to be captured asteroids and are probably not permanently attached to Jupiter.{{UsefulNotes/Jupiter}}. They're grouped into 4 separate families (except for three ungrouped outliers) based on their orbits, and they all stay far away from the big guys in the middle.
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http://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/250px-Jupiter_family_4554.jpg
--> All of these worlds are yours, except Europa. Attempt no landings there. (Use them together. Use them in peace.)
--> -- ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: Odyssey Two]]'' (The addition comes from the film version of the novel.)
At last count, there were ''sixty-three'' of them, of which 49 are named. Many of these have only been found in the last decade. They are all named after the lovers and descendants of Jupiter/Zeus (''[[DoubleStandardRapeDivineOnMortal God of Horndogs]]!''), so you can tell he really got around. (The names of the lovers and descendants are generally the same or negligibly different between Greek and Latin, so there's not much of an issue, but in case of discrepancy both names tend to get used.)
The first four to be found (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) were discovered by Galileo himself and thus are called the Galilean Moons. He [[YesMan wanted to name them after his patrons]], the Medicis, but later generations of astronomers thought otherwise. The same night Galileo discovered them, a German by the name of Simon Marius -- who'd independently gotten the idea of pointing a telescope at the heavens -- also saw the same 4 moons, and named them after four of Jupiter's lovers from ClassicalMythology; it's these names that are still in use today.
!!The innermost moons (Metis, Adrastea, Amalthea, Thebe)
http://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/220px-Amalthea_Voyager-1_8903.gif
Four irregular shaped moons, being pretty small and not large enough to form into spheres. Due to tidal forces, the first two will eventually drop into the planet or break up into ring particles. The largest, Amalthea, was discovered in 1892 and is very, very red. The radiation levels this close to Jupiter ''will'' kill you faster than you can say "non-functional DNA".
Amalthea didn't get its name until the mid-20th century; before then it was simply known as "Jupiter V" (as in the Roman numeral 5). ArthurCClarke wrote a short story by this name, which posited an alien civilization there. (How a civilization could form under such high radiation levels, in surface gravity only 0.2% of Earth's, is another matter.)
!!Space Pizza: Io
http://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/io-globe-bg_8949.jpg
About 3640km in diameter, Io is one of the Galilean moons.
Because of the pull of Europa and Ganymede, Io suffers from huge tidal forces, [[LethalLavaLand resulting in constant volcanic eruptions jutting out hundreds of kilometers into space]]. The colourful surface, resembling a pizza due to massive deposits of sulfur, is constantly changing as a result. Most of the material in Jupiter's magnetosphere comes from Io's volcanoes, including the radiation belts and a gas and plasma ring near Io's orbit; as Io's surface gravity is only 18.3% as strong as Earth's, its volcanic gases can easily reach escape velocity. The radiation levels (3600 rem/day) this close to Jupiter as a result will kill you, but you'll have a few hours to savor the unfairness of it all before your nervous system collapses.
Its surface features are named after gods of fire, thunder and lightning, the sun or blacksmithing (Ra Patera, the volcanoes Pele and Surt, etc.) Given its extreme geological activity, it's questionable how long any of these surface features will last.
Io was the setting for the movie ''Film/{{Outland}}''.
* Io is also the home planet of Arnold Judas Rimmer, from ''RedDwarf''. The radiation levels may explain much about the Rimmer family, especially Arnold.
!!Ice World: Europa
http://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/Europa2_501.jpg
Just smaller than our Moon, Europa is covered by a cracked, frozen ocean (smoother than a billiard ball would be if it was the same size) and has a tenuous atmosphere (on Earth it would be considered a pretty decent vacuum). It may support simple life under the surface. Here the radiation levels (540 rem/day) are less, so you'll have [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walking_ghost_phase up to a week or so to get your affairs together]]. [[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact Attempt no landings here]]. However, the ocean under the ice is considered a good place to colonize: the thick ice crust protects from radiation; the water provides, well, water, and a ready if potentially expensive source of oxygen; and the same forces keeping the ocean liquid substantially cuts down your heating bill.
Its surface features are named after places and myths of the Celtic mythos (Tara Regio, the crater Pwyll, etc.). Surface gravity is 13.4% of Earth's.
As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s target instead of Saturn's Iapetus was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}.[[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if Mars had life, it's going to be microbial, and already [[{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't more complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
!!Big Brother: Ganymede
http://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/250px-Noaa_ganymede_4473.jpg
The largest moon in the Solar System. Larger than Mercury, it could count as a planet if on its own if it weren't already attached to one. Its surface shows evidence of past geological activity. A popular sci-fi setting, even if it is really just a bigger version of our Moon, in other words, [[DeaderThanDisco deader than tanktops]]. The radiation here (8 rem/day) won't kill you directly, but you might want to invest in a surrogate gamete donor (those eggs and sperm cells spoil easy!) or an MRI machine (so you can get a cancer scan every six months or so). Also has an under-ice ocean which is probably good for colonization, but the ice crust is thicker, perhaps too thick to drill.
Despite being larger than Mercury, Ganymede isn't as dense. It's less than half of Mercury's mass, and its surface gravity is only 14.6% of Earth's. (Mercury, by contrast, has 38% of Earth's surface gravity, the same as the surface gravity on Mars.)
Its surface features are named after locations and myths of AncientEgypt and Mesopotamia (Tiamat Sulcus, Memphis Facula, etc.). Many of these features are tectonic, possibly formed by tidal heating or by expansion of the moon. Most features, tectonic or crater, appear to have formed several billion years ago over roughly the same time.
It is the only moon known to produce its own magnetic field.
!!Bullseye: Callisto
http://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/250px-Callisto_7246.jpg
Almost as big as Mercury and the third biggest moon in the Solar System, this dead world is outside the main radiation belts of Jupiter and is the outermost Galilean moon. At larger scales it's covered by craters on top of other craters. At smaller scales, the surface shows more variety, with plains and knobs, probably formed by the erosion of yet more craters. The general calmness of the place (0.01 rem/day average) makes it a good location to colonise, but most writers tend to ignore it.
Its surface features are named after elements of northern ([[NorseMythology Norse]], [[CelticMythology Celtic]], Inuit, Uralic, etc.) myths (Valhalla Basin, the crater Bran, etc.). Surface gravity is 12.6% of Earth's.
!!The Rest Of The Mess (Themisto, Leda, Himalia, Lysithea, etc.)
Also known as irregular satellites, they're believed to be captured asteroids and are probably not permanently attached to Jupiter. They're grouped into 4 separate families (except for three ungrouped outliers) based on their orbits, and they all stay far away from the big guys in the middle.
--> All of these worlds are yours, except Europa. Attempt no landings there. (Use them together. Use them in peace.)
--> -- ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: Odyssey Two]]'' (The addition comes from the film version of the novel.)
At last count, there were ''sixty-three'' of them, of which 49 are named. Many of these have only been found in the last decade. They are all named after the lovers and descendants of Jupiter/Zeus (''[[DoubleStandardRapeDivineOnMortal God of Horndogs]]!''), so you can tell he really got around. (The names of the lovers and descendants are generally the same or negligibly different between Greek and Latin, so there's not much of an issue, but in case of discrepancy both names tend to get used.)
The first four to be found (Io, Europa, Ganymede and Callisto) were discovered by Galileo himself and thus are called the Galilean Moons. He [[YesMan wanted to name them after his patrons]], the Medicis, but later generations of astronomers thought otherwise. The same night Galileo discovered them, a German by the name of Simon Marius -- who'd independently gotten the idea of pointing a telescope at the heavens -- also saw the same 4 moons, and named them after four of Jupiter's lovers from ClassicalMythology; it's these names that are still in use today.
!!The innermost moons (Metis, Adrastea, Amalthea, Thebe)
http://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/220px-Amalthea_Voyager-1_8903.gif
Four irregular shaped moons, being pretty small and not large enough to form into spheres. Due to tidal forces, the first two will eventually drop into the planet or break up into ring particles. The largest, Amalthea, was discovered in 1892 and is very, very red. The radiation levels this close to Jupiter ''will'' kill you faster than you can say "non-functional DNA".
Amalthea didn't get its name until the mid-20th century; before then it was simply known as "Jupiter V" (as in the Roman numeral 5). ArthurCClarke wrote a short story by this name, which posited an alien civilization there. (How a civilization could form under such high radiation levels, in surface gravity only 0.2% of Earth's, is another matter.)
!!Space Pizza: Io
http://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/io-globe-bg_8949.jpg
About 3640km in diameter, Io is one of the Galilean moons.
Because of the pull of Europa and Ganymede, Io suffers from huge tidal forces, [[LethalLavaLand resulting in constant volcanic eruptions jutting out hundreds of kilometers into space]]. The colourful surface, resembling a pizza due to massive deposits of sulfur, is constantly changing as a result. Most of the material in Jupiter's magnetosphere comes from Io's volcanoes, including the radiation belts and a gas and plasma ring near Io's orbit; as Io's surface gravity is only 18.3% as strong as Earth's, its volcanic gases can easily reach escape velocity. The radiation levels (3600 rem/day) this close to Jupiter as a result will kill you, but you'll have a few hours to savor the unfairness of it all before your nervous system collapses.
Its surface features are named after gods of fire, thunder and lightning, the sun or blacksmithing (Ra Patera, the volcanoes Pele and Surt, etc.) Given its extreme geological activity, it's questionable how long any of these surface features will last.
Io was the setting for the movie ''Film/{{Outland}}''.
* Io is also the home planet of Arnold Judas Rimmer, from ''RedDwarf''. The radiation levels may explain much about the Rimmer family, especially Arnold.
!!Ice World: Europa
http://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/Europa2_501.jpg
Just smaller than our Moon, Europa is covered by a cracked, frozen ocean (smoother than a billiard ball would be if it was the same size) and has a tenuous atmosphere (on Earth it would be considered a pretty decent vacuum). It may support simple life under the surface. Here the radiation levels (540 rem/day) are less, so you'll have [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walking_ghost_phase up to a week or so to get your affairs together]]. [[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact Attempt no landings here]]. However, the ocean under the ice is considered a good place to colonize: the thick ice crust protects from radiation; the water provides, well, water, and a ready if potentially expensive source of oxygen; and the same forces keeping the ocean liquid substantially cuts down your heating bill.
Its surface features are named after places and myths of the Celtic mythos (Tara Regio, the crater Pwyll, etc.). Surface gravity is 13.4% of Earth's.
As shown in the page quote, Europa played a prominent role in ''[[Film/TwoThousandTenTheYearWeMakeContact 2010: The Year We Make Contact]]''. The moviemakers making it ''2001'''s target instead of Saturn's Iapetus was VindicatedByHistory; its subsurface ocean is today considered the most likely candidate to host extraterrestrial life in this Solar System, even moreso than UsefulNotes/{{Mars}}.[[note]]To put it in perspective, it's taken as read that if Mars had life, it's going to be microbial, and already [[{{NASA}} Curiosity]]'s analysis of the Martian soil makes it extremely unlikely that even that is there. On the other hand, the Europan sea might very well bear more complex life (sure, it'd probably be anoxic, but there's nothing suggesting that anoxic biochemistries couldn't more complex forms)--and we have nothing that suggests it might be otherwise.[[/note]]
!!Big Brother: Ganymede
http://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/250px-Noaa_ganymede_4473.jpg
The largest moon in the Solar System. Larger than Mercury, it could count as a planet if on its own if it weren't already attached to one. Its surface shows evidence of past geological activity. A popular sci-fi setting, even if it is really just a bigger version of our Moon, in other words, [[DeaderThanDisco deader than tanktops]]. The radiation here (8 rem/day) won't kill you directly, but you might want to invest in a surrogate gamete donor (those eggs and sperm cells spoil easy!) or an MRI machine (so you can get a cancer scan every six months or so). Also has an under-ice ocean which is probably good for colonization, but the ice crust is thicker, perhaps too thick to drill.
Despite being larger than Mercury, Ganymede isn't as dense. It's less than half of Mercury's mass, and its surface gravity is only 14.6% of Earth's. (Mercury, by contrast, has 38% of Earth's surface gravity, the same as the surface gravity on Mars.)
Its surface features are named after locations and myths of AncientEgypt and Mesopotamia (Tiamat Sulcus, Memphis Facula, etc.). Many of these features are tectonic, possibly formed by tidal heating or by expansion of the moon. Most features, tectonic or crater, appear to have formed several billion years ago over roughly the same time.
It is the only moon known to produce its own magnetic field.
!!Bullseye: Callisto
http://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/250px-Callisto_7246.jpg
Almost as big as Mercury and the third biggest moon in the Solar System, this dead world is outside the main radiation belts of Jupiter and is the outermost Galilean moon. At larger scales it's covered by craters on top of other craters. At smaller scales, the surface shows more variety, with plains and knobs, probably formed by the erosion of yet more craters. The general calmness of the place (0.01 rem/day average) makes it a good location to colonise, but most writers tend to ignore it.
Its surface features are named after elements of northern ([[NorseMythology Norse]], [[CelticMythology Celtic]], Inuit, Uralic, etc.) myths (Valhalla Basin, the crater Bran, etc.). Surface gravity is 12.6% of Earth's.
!!The Rest Of The Mess (Themisto, Leda, Himalia, Lysithea, etc.)
Also known as irregular satellites, they're believed to be captured asteroids and are probably not permanently attached to Jupiter. They're grouped into 4 separate families (except for three ungrouped outliers) based on their orbits, and they all stay far away from the big guys in the middle.
