History UsefulNotes / JosephineDeBeauharnais

She's been featured in [[UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparteAndTheNapoleonicWarsInFiction many works about her second husband and the wars he fought]], of course. Among them:

She met Napoleon at an intellectual salon in Paris then at a dinner hosted by Paul Barras. Napoleon was engaged to Désirée Clary at the time, he broke the engagement (Désirée ended up marrying [[UsefulNotes/NotableSwedishMonarchs Charles XIV Bernadotte of Sweden]]) and he and Joséphine married in 1796, mutually falsifying their birth dates to mitigate the fact that she was six years older than him. While Napoleon loved her (even though they both had affairs, they even had a domestic argument about this on 2 December 1804, the very day of Napoleon's coronation), she faced both hostility from his family and the pressure of producing a male heir, which she and Napoleon never managed to do (she had two children with her previous husband).

* In the ''Literature/ArseneLupin'' novels, Countess Joséphine Balsamo de Cagliostro is the [[HistoricalCharactersFictionalRelative daughter]] Joséphine's had in secret with Count Alessandro Cagliostro, also known in French as Joseph Balsamo.

* In the ''Literature/ArseneLupin'' novels, Countess Joséphine Balsamo de Cagliostro is the [[HistoricalCharactersFictionalRelative daughter]] she's had in secret with Count Alessandro Cagliostro, also known in French as Joseph Balsamo.

[[caption-width-right:300:Portrait by Robert Lefèvre, 1805.]]

She met Napoleon at an intellectual salon in Paris then at a dinner hosted by Paul Barras, and they married in 1796 (mutually falsifying their birth dates to mitigate the fact that she was six years older than him). While Napoleon loved her (even though they both had affairs, they even had a domestic argument about this on 2 December 1804, the very day of Napoleon's coronation), she faced both hostility from his family and the pressure of producing a male heir, which she and Napoleon never managed to do (she had two children with her previous husband).

Since the need for said male heir was a crucial state matter, and since Napoleon managed to father a child with another woman, Joséphine and Napoleon divorced on January 10, 1810, and Napoleon married Marie-Louise of [[UsefulNotes/TheSoundOfMartialMusic Austria]], who gave him a legitimate son (Napoleon II, King of Rome, Duke of Reichstadt and Prince of Parma, who would never reign). Joséphine then spent the rest of her days at her mansion of Malmaison, where she passed away from a brutal pneumonia on May 29, 1814, while Napoleon was exiled on the isle of Elba.

She's been featured in [[UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparteAndTheNapoleonicWarsInFiction many works about her second husband and his wars]], of course. Among them:

She's appeared in [[UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparteAndTheNapoleonicWarsInFiction many works about her second husband and his wars]], of course. Among them:

She's appeared in [[UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparteAndTheNapoleonicWarsInFiction many works about her second husband and his wars]], of course.

Marie Josèphe Rose Tascher de La Pagerie Bonaparte, Viscountess of Beauharnais, better known as Joséphine de Beauharnais (June 23, 1763 – May 29, 1814) was a French noblewoman and empress, the most prominent woman in the life of UsefulNotes/NapoleonBonaparte, the [[TheEmperor Emperor]] of the UsefulNotes/{{Fr|ance}}ench and the finest battle strategist and tactician of his time. She was his first wife from 1796 until their marriage was annulled in 1810, and as such she was Empress of the French, Queen of UsefulNotes/{{Italy}} and Duchess of Navarre from 1804 to 1810. "Joséphine" was how Napoleon called her, it was not her birth name.

Joséphine had much influence on women's fashion of her time, and her love for botany drove her to have many exotic plants imported from her birthplace of Martinique in the gardens of several of her residences, and as such she ended up the cause of the cultivation of them wherever possible in France.

She met Napoleon at an intellectual salon in Paris then at a dinner hosted by Paul Barras, and they married in 1796. While Napoleon loved her (even though they both had affairs, they even had a domestic argument about this on 2 December 1804, the very day of Napoleon's coronation), she faced both hostility from his family and the pressure of producing a male heir, which she and Napoleon never managed to do (she had two children with her previous husband).

Joséphine had much influence on women's fashion of her time, and her love for botany drove her to have many exotic plants imported from her birthplace of Martinique, and as such she ended up the cause of the cultivation of them wherever possible in France.

Since the need for said male heir was an important state matter, and since Napoleon managed to father a child with another woman, Joséphine and Napoleon divorced on January 10, 1810, and Napoleon married Marie-Louise of [[UsefulNotes/TheSoundOfMartialMusic Austria]], who gave him a legitimate son (Napoleon II, King of Rome, Duke of Reichstadt and Prince of Parma, who would never reign). Joséphine then spent the rest of her days at her mansion of Malmaison, where she passed away from a brutal pneumonia on May 29, 1814, while Napoleon was exiled on the isle of Elba.