History UsefulNotes / Bolivia

* '''Capitals:''' Sucre (constitutional and judicial) and La Paz (executive and legislative)

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Bolivia had the luck of having huge tin deposits, but that mainly benefited the Tin Barons who control the tin mines. The poorer classes did not take that well and forced a revolution in 1953. Since then, the government has switched between left and right extremes. In 2006, Evo Morales, an ethnic Aymara, was elected President. He nationalized the natural gas industry but angered the eastern part of the country with a large mestizo and white population [Bolivia is mostly Amerindian]. Morales was seen by people as their own version of Hugo Chavez of Venezuela; in fact, Morales is in good terms with the Venezuelan. In 2019, Morales resigned from the presidency after mass protests over alleged election fraud after seeking a fourth term as president, something his sympathizers have claimed was a coup ([[RuleOfCautiousEditingJudgement needless to say, this is a touchy subject]]). In the wake of these events, and the multiple resignations that followed, Senate second-vice president Jeanine Añez took over as interim President, with another round of elections set for the following year. After a tumultuous 11 months marked by COVID, violent crackdowns on political dissidents, and Añez's controversial campaign for a full term as President, which ultimately ended with her withdrawal from the race a month before Election Day, October 2020 saw Luis Arce, Morales's former Minister of Economy and Public Finance, win the Presidency in a clean race.

Bolivia had the luck of having huge tin deposits, but that mainly benefited the Tin Barons who control the tin mines. The poorer classes did not take that well and forced a revolution in 1953. Since then, the government has switched between left and right extremes. In 2006, Evo Morales, an ethnic Aymara, was elected President. He nationalized the natural gas industry but angered the eastern part of the country with a large mestizo and white population [Bolivia is mostly Amerindian]. Morales was seen by people as their own version of Hugo Chavez of Venezuela; in fact, Morales is in good terms with the Venezuelan. In 2019, Morales resigned from the presidency after mass protests over alleged election fraud after seeking a fourth term as president, something his sympathizers have claimed was a coup (the rest of the world disagrees). He was replaced by Jeanine Añez.

The James Bond film ''{{Film/Quantum Of Solace}}'' was set here during its second half, and ''VideoGame/GhostReconWildlands'' takes place entirely here.

Bolivia is a country is South America, the only one besides UsefulNotes/{{Paraguay}} to be landlocked. It was one of the former South American colonies that threw off Spanish rule in the 1810s. As a nod by Bolivians to Venezuelan leader UsefulNotes/SimonBolivar's efforts to help gain the country independence, they named the country for him.

Bolivia had the luck of having huge tin deposits, but that mainly benefited the Tin Barons who control the tin mines. The poorer classes did not take that well and forced a revolution in 1953. Since then, the government has switched between left and right extremes. In 2006, Evo Morales, an ethnic Aymara, was elected President. He nationalized the natural gas industry but angered the eastern part of the country with a large mestizo and white population [Bolivia is mostly Amerindian]. Morales was seen by people as their own version of Hugo Chavez of Venezuela; in fact, Morales is in good terms with the Venezuelan.

The James Bond film {{Film/Quantum Of Solace}} was set here during its second half, and VideoGame/GhostReconWildlands takes place entirely here.

The James Bond film {{Film/Quantum Of Solace}} was set here during its second half.

-->-- '''[[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antonio_Jos%C3%A9_de_Sucre Antonio José de Sucre]]''', suggesting the name of Bolivia, as a replacement to [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Upper_Peru Upper Peru]].

Bolivia is a country is South America, the only one besides UsefulNotes/{{Paraguay}} to be landlocked. It was one of the former South American colonies that threw off Spanish rule in the 1810s. As a nod by Bolivians to Venezuelan leader UsefulNotes/SimonBolivar's efforts to help gain the country independence, they named the country for him.

Bolivia is a country is South America, the only one besides UsefulNotes/{{Paraguay}} to be landlocked. It was one of the former South American colonies that threw off Spanish rule in the 1810s. As a nod by Bolivians to Venezuelan leader Bolivar's efforts to help gain the country independence, they named the country for him.

Bolivia, despite being landlocked, has a navy. In the 19th century, the country had a small strip of land which connected it to the Pacific Ocean. However, it was poorly settled by Bolivians, and Chilean settlers moved in. When a large deposit of nitrates were discovered, Chile asserted that it had the rights to the minerals. The Bolivians and the [[UsefulNotes/{{Peru}} Peruvians]] were enraged, and in 1879, the WarOfThePacific occured. Bolivia has never accepted the loss of its coastline and maintains a navy as part of its hope of someday regaining it (It performs training maneuvers on Lake Titicaca). Bolivia also lost land to Brazil and Paraguay in the 1930s [[UsefulNotes/TheChacoWar Chaco War]].

The James Bond film {{Film/Quantum Of Solace}} was set here during it's second half.

There's also the whole coca leaf thing. The coca leaf has been historically a tradition of the Andean zone [[note]]Bolivia, mostly, but also Peru and northern Chile[[/note]], mainly because of its medicinal powers (the lack of air in the highlands provokes dizziness and other maladies, and chewing the coca leaf helps relieve them). As probably everyone knows, the coca leaves can be processed into cocaine, so the United States and other countries have tried to cut back or eliminate the growing of the leaves, which it's at odds with the local people. Before being elected, Morales earned fame for his opposition to the pressure the US imposed on the Bolivian government to forcefully reduce cultivation of coca.

The James Bond film {{Film/QuantumOfSolace}} was set here during it's second half.

Bolivia had the luck of having huge tin deposits, but that mainly benefited the Tin Barons who control the tin mines. The poorer classes did not take that well and forced a revolution in 1953. Since then, the government has switched between left and right extremes. In 2006, Evo Morales, an ethnic Aymara, was elected President. He nationalized the natural gas industry but angered the eastern part of the country with a large mestizo and white population [Bolivia is mostly Amerindian]. Morales was seen by people as their own version of Hugo Chavez of Venezuela; in fact, Morales are in good terms with the Venezuelan.

Its landlocked position had made it one of the poorest Latin American countries, but its natural gas and lithium reserves could be useful in jumpstarting the economy, and the government had plans to do this to benefit the majority of the country.

By the way, the capital according the constitution is Sucre, where the Supreme Court is located, but the government is seated on La Paz, which makes it de facto capital. That makes La Paz the highest capital in the world, at almost 12,000 feet above sea level.

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Bolivia, despite being landlocked, has a navy. In the 19th century, the country had a small strip of land which connected it to the Pacific Ocean. However, it was poorly settled by Bolivians, and Chilean settlers moved in. When a large deposit of nitrates were discovered, Chile asserted that it had the rights to the minerals. The Bolivians and the [[UsefulNotes/{{Peru}} Peruvians]] were enraged, and in 1879, the WarOfThePacific occured. Bolivia has never accepted the loss of its coastline and maintains a navy as part of its hope of someday regaining it (It performs training maneuvers on Lake Titicaca). Bolivia also lost land to Brazil and Paraguay in the 1930s ChacoWar.

<<|UsefulNotes/LatinAmerica|>>

http://static.tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pub/images/Flag_of_Bolivia_state_svg_3177.png

Bolivia, despite being landlocked, has a navy. In the 19th century, the country had a small strip of land which connected it to the Pacific Ocean. However, it was poorly settled by Bolivians, and Chilean settlers moved in. When a large deposit of nitrates were discovered, Chile asserted that it had th rights to the minerals. The Bolivians and the [[UsefulNotes/{{Peru}} Peruvians]] were enraged, and in 1879, the WarOfThePacific occured. Bolivia has never accepted the loss of its coastline and maintains a navy as part of its hope of someday regaining it (It performs training maneuvers on Lake Titicaca). Bolivia also lost land to Brazil and Paraguay in the 1930s ChacoWar.

Bolivia, despite being landlocked, has a navy. In the 19th century, the country had a small stip of land which connected it to the Pacific Ocean. However, it was poorly settled by Bolivians, and Chilean settlers moved in. When a large deposit of nitrates were discovered, Chile asserted that it had th rights to the minerals. The Bolivians and the [[UsefulNotes/{{Peru}} Peruvians]] were enraged, and in 1879, the WarOfThePacific occured. Bolivia has never accepted the loss of its coastline and maintains a navy as part of its hope of someday regining it (It performs training manuvers on Lake Titicaca). Bolivia also lost land to Brazil and Paraguay in the 1930s ChacoWar.

Bolivia had the luck of having huge tin deposits, but that mainly benefited the Tin Barons who control the tin mines. The poorer classes did not take that well and forced a revolution in 1953. Since then, the government has switched between lefr and right extremes. In 2006, Evo Morales, an ethnic Aymara, was elected President. He nationalized the natural gas industry but angered the eastern part of the country with a large mestizo and white population [Bolivia is mostly Amerindian]. Morales was seen by people as their own version of Hugo Chavez of Venezuela; in fact, Morales are in good terms with the Venezuelan.

By the way, the capital according the constituion is Sucre, where the Supreme Court is located, but the government is seated on La Paz, which makes it de facto capital. That makes La Paz the highest capital in the world, at almost 12,000 feet above sea level.

There's also the whole coca leaf thing. The coca leaf has been historically a tradition of the Andean zone [[note]]Bolivia, mostly, but also Peru and northern Chile[[/note]], mainly because of its medicinal powers (the lack of air in the highlands provokes dizziness and other maladies, and chewing the coca leaf helps relieve them). As probably everyone knows, the coca leaves can be processed into coccaine, so the United States and other countries have tried to cut back or eliminate the growing of the leaves, which it's at odds with the local people. Before being elected, Morales earned fame for his opposition to the pressure the US imposed on the Bolivian government to forcefully reduce cultivation of coca.

There's also the whole coca leaf thing. The coca leaf has been historically a tradition of the Andean zone [[hottip:*:Bolivia, mostly, but also Peru and northern Chile]], mainly because of its meditinal powers (the lack of air in the highlands provokes dizziness and other maladies, and chewing the coca leaf helps relieve them). As probably everyone knows, the coca leaves can be processed into coccaine, so the United States and other countries have tried to cut back or eliminate the growing of the leaves, which it's at odds with the local people. Before being elected, Morales earned fame for his opposition to the pressure the US imposed on the Bolivian government to forcefully reduce cultivation of coca.

Bolivia, despite being landlocked, has a navy. In the 19th century, the country had a small stip of land which connected it to the Pacific Ocean. However, it was poorly settled by Bolivians, and Chilean settlers moved in. When a large deposit of nitrates were discovered, Chile asserted that it had th rights to the minerals. The Bolivians and the Peruvians were enraged, and in 1879, the WarOfThePacific occured. Bolivia has never accepted the loss of its coastline and maintains a navy as part of its hope of someday regining it (It performs training manuvers on Lake Titicaca). Bolivia also lost land to Brazil and Paraguay in the 1930s ChacoWar.

Bolivia, despite being landlocked, has a navy. In the 19th century, the country had a small stip of land which connected it to the Pacific Ocean. However, it was poorly settled by Bolivians, and Chilean settlers moved in. When a large deposit of nitrates were discovered, Chile asserted that it had th rights to the minerals. The Bolivians and the Peruvians were enraged, and in 1870, the WarOfThePacific occured. Bolivia has never accepted the loss of its coastline and maintains a navy as part of its hope of someday regining it (It performs training manuvers on Lake Titicaca). Bolivia also lost land to Brazil and Paraguay in the 1930s ChacoWar.

This wasn't the case back then. In the 19th century, it had a coast to the Pacific. However, it was poorly settled by Bolivians, and the Chilean settlers moved in. When a large deposit of nitrates were discovered, the Chileans living there left that they are the ones who really should benefit, not the Bolivians. The Bolivians and the Peruvians were enraged, and in 1870, the WarOfThePacific occured. Bolivia never accepted the loss of its coastline. So its loss of Acre to Brazil and parts of the Chaco to Paraguay in the 1930s ChacoWar. To compensate for the loss of the coastline, Bolivia had the luck of having huge tin deposits, but it mainly benefited the Tin Barons who control the tin mines. The poorer classes did not took it well and forced a revolution in 1953, in which, there is a shift of government to the left, then again to the right, and then to left and right again, until in 2006, Evo Morales, an ethnic Aymara, was elected President. He nationalized the natural gas industry but angered the eastern part of the country with a large mestizo and white population [Bolivia is mostly Amerindian]. Morales was seen by people as their own version of Hugo Chavez of Venezuela; in fact, Morales are in good terms with the Venezuelan.

There's also the whole coca leaf thing. The coca leaf has been historically a tradition of the Andean zone [[hottip:*:Bolivia, mostly, but also Peru and northern Chile]], mainly because of its meditinal powers (the lack of air in the highlands provokes dizziness and other maladies, and chewing the coca leaf helps relieve them). As probably everyone knows, the coca leaves can be processed into coccaine, so the United States and other countries have tried to cut back or eliminate the growing of the leaves, which it's at odds with the local people.

Bolivia is a country is South America, the only one besides [[UsefulNotes/{{Paraguay}}]] to be landlocked. It was one of the former South American colonies that threw off Spanish rule in the 1810s. As a nod by Bolivians to Venezuelan leader Bolivar's efforts to help gain the country independence, they named the country for him.