Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
Changed line(s) 61,62 (click to see context) from:
Not to be confused with the [[MormonCinema Mormon film industry]], or LDS Cinema, also known as Mollywood.
to:
Not to be confused with the [[MormonCinema [[UsefulNotes/MormonCinema Mormon film industry]], or LDS Cinema, also known as Mollywood.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 15,16 (click to see context) from:
But it should not be assumed that these tropes are the default or definitive state of Indian cinema. Infact, the masala formula arose very recently, just in the last two or three decades. Southern movies before this era, while still being very idealistic and sometimes glorifying the hero, were not typically so uproarious, and quieter stories concerning romance, family, and marriage were common. The most famous and beloved movies from the past (e.g. ''Film/{{Mayabazar}}'', ''Chandralekha'') went to the other extreme, with epic, meanders g stories involving royalty or mythological figures. In the late 70s and the 80s, there was a small but influential genre of acclaimed movies that revolved around the topic of music and dance, where the story focus was on the characters learning, mastering, sometimes being consumed by the art. The most famous of these was ''Shankarabaranam''.
to:
But it should not be assumed that these tropes are the default or definitive state of Indian cinema. Infact, the masala formula arose very recently, just in the last two or three decades. Southern movies before this era, while still being very idealistic and sometimes glorifying the hero, were not typically so uproarious, and quieter stories concerning romance, family, and marriage were common. The most famous and beloved movies from the past (e.g. ''Film/{{Mayabazar}}'', ''Chandralekha'') went to the other extreme, with epic, meanders g stories involving royalty or mythological figures. In the late 70s and the 80s, there was a small but influential genre of acclaimed movies that revolved around the topic of music and dance, where the story focus was on the characters learning, mastering, sometimes being consumed by the art. The most famous of these was ''Shankarabaranam''.''Film/{{Sankarabharanam}}''.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 15,16 (click to see context) from:
But it should not be assumed that these tropes are the default or definitive state of Indian cinema. Infact, the masala formula arose very recently, just in the last two or three decades. Southern movies before this era, while still being very idealistic and sometimes glorifying the hero, were not typically so uproarious, and quieter stories concerning romance, family, and marriage were common. The most famous and beloved movies from the past (e.g. ''Maya Bazaar'', ''Chandralekha'') went to the other extreme, with epic, meanders g stories involving royalty or mythological figures. In the late 70s and the 80s, there was a small but influential genre of acclaimed movies that revolved around the topic of music and dance, where the story focus was on the characters learning, mastering, sometimes being consumed by the art. The most famous of these was ''Shankarabaranam''.
to:
But it should not be assumed that these tropes are the default or definitive state of Indian cinema. Infact, the masala formula arose very recently, just in the last two or three decades. Southern movies before this era, while still being very idealistic and sometimes glorifying the hero, were not typically so uproarious, and quieter stories concerning romance, family, and marriage were common. The most famous and beloved movies from the past (e.g. ''Maya Bazaar'', ''Film/{{Mayabazar}}'', ''Chandralekha'') went to the other extreme, with epic, meanders g stories involving royalty or mythological figures. In the late 70s and the 80s, there was a small but influential genre of acclaimed movies that revolved around the topic of music and dance, where the story focus was on the characters learning, mastering, sometimes being consumed by the art. The most famous of these was ''Shankarabaranam''.
Changed line(s) 37 (click to see context) from:
* ''Mayabazaar'': A classic Tollywood film set during the Mahabharata epic based on Telugu folklore about how a demon prince comedically saves the wedding of his half-brother to a princess after his father's exile.
to:
* ''Mayabazaar'': ''Film/{{Mayabazar}}'': A classic Tollywood film set during the Mahabharata epic based on Telugu folklore about how a demon prince comedically saves the wedding of his half-brother to a princess after his father's exile.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 38,39 (click to see context) from:
* ''Sankarabharanam'': A popular film about the importance of Carnatic classical music
to:
* ''Sankarabharanam'': ''Film/{{Sankarabharanam}}'': A popular film about the importance of Carnatic classical music
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 38,39 (click to see context) from:
* ''film/Sankarabharanam'': A popular film about the importance of Carnatic classical music
to:
* ''film/Sankarabharanam'': ''Sankarabharanam'': A popular film about the importance of Carnatic classical music
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 38,39 (click to see context) from:
* ''Sankarabharanam'': A popular film about the importance of Carnatic classical music
to:
* ''Sankarabharanam'': ''film/Sankarabharanam'': A popular film about the importance of Carnatic classical music
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 37,38 (click to see context) from:
to:
* ''Sankarabharanam'': A popular film about the importance of Carnatic classical music
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 117 (click to see context) from:
to:
* ''Film/BrideAndPrejudice'': Moslty in English, with some Hindi and Punjabi dialogue.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
* ''Abhiyum Naanum''
Deleted line(s) 42,46 (click to see context) :
* ''Naan'', about identity theft
* ''Mozhi''
* ''Abhiyum Naanum''
* ''Iruvar'', a biopic about the friendship between two famous political figures
* ''Bombay'', a movie about an interfaith couple dealing with the aftermath of the 1992 Babri mosque demolition and the 1993 Bombay Stock Exchange terrorist bomb strikes.
* ''Mozhi''
* ''Abhiyum Naanum''
* ''Iruvar'', a biopic about the friendship between two famous political figures
* ''Bombay'', a movie about an interfaith couple dealing with the aftermath of the 1992 Babri mosque demolition and the 1993 Bombay Stock Exchange terrorist bomb strikes.
Deleted line(s) 48 (click to see context) :
* Film/{{Indian}}: A vigilante movie with a distinctly Indian version of the NinetiesAntiHero, that was submitted to the Oscars for consideration for "Best Foreign Film".
Changed line(s) 50,51 (click to see context) from:
to:
* Film/{{Indian}}: A vigilante movie with a distinctly Indian version of the NinetiesAntiHero, that was submitted to the Oscars for consideration for "Best Foreign Film".
* ''Iruvar'', a biopic about the friendship between two famous political figures
* ''Mozhi''
* ''Naan'', about identity theft
* ''Film/TheTerrorist''
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
--
!!Recommended Films (Mollywood)
* ''Neelakuyil'', A story of a romantic affair between an upper-caste schoolteacher and a Dalit girl
* ''Chemmeen'', A story about an affair between a Hindu woman and a Muslim man in a coastal fishing village. First South Indian movie to win India's Gold Medal for Best Film
* ''Swayamvaram'', The story of a couple that married against their parents' wishes and started a life of their own. Won four National Film Awards and brought Malayalam Cinema to the international stage
* ''Amma Ariyan'', An avant-garde movie that revolves around the incidents following the death of a young Naxelite.
* ''Oru Vadakkan Veeragatha'', An alternative retelling of a popular folktale. Won four National Film Awards.
* ''Manichitrazhazhu'', A favorite of every Malayali! A horror-psychological thriller based on the tragedy of the Alummoottil clan of central Travancore, that tackles dissociative identity disorder from both a scientific and religious perspective
* ''Guru'', A fantasy story that tackles bigotry, prejudices and superstitions. Nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Film
* ''Kaazhcha'', Loosely inspired by the 1986 Iranian film, Bashu The Little Stranger, this movie revolves around a young Gujarati boy who finds himself in Kerala following the 2001 earthquake in Gujarat.
* ''Adaminte Makan Abu'', The story of a poor Muslim family whose only wish is to perform the Hajj pilgrimage. Won four National Film Awards.
* ''Bangalore Days'', A tale of three cousins and their adventures and love lives in Bangalore.
* ''Iyobinte Pusthakam'', Set in the mid-20th century before Independence, the story of a landowner and the sibling rivalry between his sons.
* ''How Old R U'', A story of a thirty-something year old woman rediscovering her purpose and meaning in life
* ''Drishyam'', A gripping tale of a film buff who goes through great lengths to protect his family following the accidental killing of a police inspector's son.
* ''Kammathipadam'', The story of residents of Kammathipadam who were drastically impacted by the gentification of their locality in mainland Ernakulam.
* ''Maheshinte Prathikaaram'', An edge-of-your-seat tale of revenge in a small village
* ''Angamaly Diaries'', The story of a young man who lands himself in hot water in a dispute with a rival gang
* ''Uyire'', A story of a young aspiring female pilot who gets acid-attacked by her possessive boyfriend.
!!Recommended Films (Mollywood)
* ''Neelakuyil'', A story of a romantic affair between an upper-caste schoolteacher and a Dalit girl
* ''Chemmeen'', A story about an affair between a Hindu woman and a Muslim man in a coastal fishing village. First South Indian movie to win India's Gold Medal for Best Film
* ''Swayamvaram'', The story of a couple that married against their parents' wishes and started a life of their own. Won four National Film Awards and brought Malayalam Cinema to the international stage
* ''Amma Ariyan'', An avant-garde movie that revolves around the incidents following the death of a young Naxelite.
* ''Oru Vadakkan Veeragatha'', An alternative retelling of a popular folktale. Won four National Film Awards.
* ''Manichitrazhazhu'', A favorite of every Malayali! A horror-psychological thriller based on the tragedy of the Alummoottil clan of central Travancore, that tackles dissociative identity disorder from both a scientific and religious perspective
* ''Guru'', A fantasy story that tackles bigotry, prejudices and superstitions. Nominated for an Academy Award for Best Foreign Film
* ''Kaazhcha'', Loosely inspired by the 1986 Iranian film, Bashu The Little Stranger, this movie revolves around a young Gujarati boy who finds himself in Kerala following the 2001 earthquake in Gujarat.
* ''Adaminte Makan Abu'', The story of a poor Muslim family whose only wish is to perform the Hajj pilgrimage. Won four National Film Awards.
* ''Bangalore Days'', A tale of three cousins and their adventures and love lives in Bangalore.
* ''Iyobinte Pusthakam'', Set in the mid-20th century before Independence, the story of a landowner and the sibling rivalry between his sons.
* ''How Old R U'', A story of a thirty-something year old woman rediscovering her purpose and meaning in life
* ''Drishyam'', A gripping tale of a film buff who goes through great lengths to protect his family following the accidental killing of a police inspector's son.
* ''Kammathipadam'', The story of residents of Kammathipadam who were drastically impacted by the gentification of their locality in mainland Ernakulam.
* ''Maheshinte Prathikaaram'', An edge-of-your-seat tale of revenge in a small village
* ''Angamaly Diaries'', The story of a young man who lands himself in hot water in a dispute with a rival gang
* ''Uyire'', A story of a young aspiring female pilot who gets acid-attacked by her possessive boyfriend.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 36 (click to see context) from:
to:
* ''Film/{{Baahubali}}'': A duology of epics about a vengeful deposed prince battling the usurper who killed his father.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 86 (click to see context) from:
* The Apu Trilogy, three acclaimed films from Creator/SatyajitRay that are among the most famous movies to come out of India.
to:
[[/index]]
* TheApu Trilogy, three acclaimed films from Creator/SatyajitRay that are among of Creator/SatyajitRay, the most internationally famous movies film director to come out of India.
* The
Added DiffLines:
** ''Film/TheMusicRoom'', aka ''Jalsaghar''
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 47,48 (click to see context) from:
to:
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
Changed line(s) 9,10 (click to see context) from:
These films are today thought of as the LargeHam, even by Bollywood standards. They are unabashedly escapist. The heroes are generally unapologetic [[MartyStu Stus]] of the [[GodModeSue highest order]]. The LoveInterest (called a "heroine", even if she never does anything heroic) is usually a straight-up [[TheChick chick]] and DistressedDamsel. Every film will have copious amounts of intrusive comic relief[[note]]Comedic actors in South India are powerful figures. Big-name ones appear in most every film made.[[/note]] as most films attempt to stuff in as much action, romance, music, and comedy as possible. This all-in-one genre combination is familiar to Indian movie buffs as 'masala', but is more commonly called 'mass' in Telugu lingo. Even movies with a serious subject matter (politics, horror, history, mythology) may follow the same pattern. Combine all of that with the low quality special effects and you get an industry of Narmy, SoBadItsGood movies.
to:
These films are today thought of as the LargeHam, even by Bollywood standards. They are unabashedly escapist. The heroes are generally unapologetic [[MartyStu Stus]] Stus of the [[GodModeSue highest order]].order. The LoveInterest (called a "heroine", even if she never does anything heroic) is usually a straight-up [[TheChick chick]] and DistressedDamsel. Every film will have copious amounts of intrusive comic relief[[note]]Comedic actors in South India are powerful figures. Big-name ones appear in most every film made.[[/note]] as most films attempt to stuff in as much action, romance, music, and comedy as possible. This all-in-one genre combination is familiar to Indian movie buffs as 'masala', but is more commonly called 'mass' in Telugu lingo. Even movies with a serious subject matter (politics, horror, history, mythology) may follow the same pattern. Combine all of that with the low quality special effects and you get an industry of Narmy, SoBadItsGood movies.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 59,60 (click to see context) from:
Sandalwood is the nickname given to the Kannada film industry, based in Bangalore. The name is derived from the sandalwood trees, that are ubiquitous in the southwestern Indian state of Karnataka. They are in these times considered the [[AndZoidberg Zoidberg]] of South Indian film industries, owing to their movies being generally of lower production quality andhorrible plots. The truth is that this industry is a WhiteDwarfStarlet, which once produced movies equal in quality and commercial success to the other South Indian "woods", but have been in a prolonged DorkAge since the early nineties.
to:
Sandalwood is the nickname given to the Kannada film industry, based in Bangalore. The name is derived from the sandalwood trees, that are ubiquitous in the southwestern Indian state of Karnataka. They are in these times considered the [[AndZoidberg Zoidberg]] of South Indian film industries, owing to their movies being generally of lower production quality andhorrible and horrible plots. The truth is that this industry is a WhiteDwarfStarlet, which once produced movies equal in quality and commercial success to the other South Indian "woods", but have been in a prolonged DorkAge since the early nineties.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
Changed line(s) 59,60 (click to see context) from:
Sandalwood is the nickname given to the Kannada film industry, based in Bangalore. The name is derived from the sandalwood trees, that are ubiquitous in the southwestern Indian state of Karnataka. They are in these times considered the [[AndZoidberg Zoidberg]] of South Indian film industries, owing to their movies being generally of lower production quality and DarthWiki/SoBadItsHorrible plots. The truth is that this industry is a WhiteDwarfStarlet, which once produced movies equal in quality and commercial success to the other South Indian "woods", but have been in a prolonged DorkAge since the early nineties.
to:
Sandalwood is the nickname given to the Kannada film industry, based in Bangalore. The name is derived from the sandalwood trees, that are ubiquitous in the southwestern Indian state of Karnataka. They are in these times considered the [[AndZoidberg Zoidberg]] of South Indian film industries, owing to their movies being generally of lower production quality and DarthWiki/SoBadItsHorrible andhorrible plots. The truth is that this industry is a WhiteDwarfStarlet, which once produced movies equal in quality and commercial success to the other South Indian "woods", but have been in a prolonged DorkAge since the early nineties.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* ''Film/DoctorKrishna'': A medical drama film.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 89,90 (click to see context) from:
* ''Film/BowBarracks'': A rare English language independent film by a Bengali producer and director, this movie tells the story of a community of Anglo-Indians [[note]] People designated as having a European father or patrilineal heritage, and an Indian matrilineal heritage, who’ve been given special minority status [[/note]] struggling to retain their homes and heritage.
to:
* ''Film/BowBarracks'': ''Film/BowBarracksForever'': A rare English language English-language independent film by a Bengali producer and director, this movie tells the story of a community of Anglo-Indians [[note]] People designated as having a European father or patrilineal heritage, and an Indian matrilineal heritage, who’ve been given special minority status [[/note]] struggling to retain their homes and heritage.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 73 (click to see context) from:
* Film/MinchinaOta: A [[TheCaper heist movie]] that won a government award for movies that send an important social message.
to:
* Film/MinchinaOta: A [[TheCaper ''Film/MinchinaOta:'' [TheCaper heist movie]] that won a government award for movies that send an important social message.
Changed line(s) 78,80 (click to see context) from:
* Film/HrudayaGeethe: Translation - a song from the heart. Another rarity in the Otherwoods - a lighthearted RomCom that falls prey to the CerebusSyndrome and becomes quite dark [[spoiler: and tragic]] towards the end. A remake of the Bollywood film "Paagal Kahin Ka"
* Film/GowriGanesha: A BlackComedy with an [[/index]]UnscrupulousHero protagonist. One of the very few Indian movies in which this kind of protagonist [[KarmaHoudini doesn't get any comeuppance in the end]].
* Film/GowriGanesha: A BlackComedy with an [[/index]]UnscrupulousHero protagonist. One of the very few Indian movies in which this kind of protagonist [[KarmaHoudini doesn't get any comeuppance in the end]].
to:
* Film/HrudayaGeethe: ''Film/HrudayaGeethe:'' Translation - a song -song from the heart. Another rarity in the Otherwoods - a lighthearted RomCom that falls prey to the CerebusSyndrome and becomes quite dark [[spoiler: and tragic]] towards the end. A remake of the Bollywood film "Paagal Kahin Ka"
*Film/GowriGanesha: ''Film/GowriGanesha:'' A BlackComedy with an [[/index]]UnscrupulousHero protagonist. One of the very few Indian movies in which this kind of protagonist [[KarmaHoudini doesn't get any comeuppance in the end]].
*
Changed line(s) 89 (click to see context) from:
to:
* ''Film/BowBarracks'': A rare English language independent film by a Bengali producer and director, this movie tells the story of a community of Anglo-Indians [[note]] People designated as having a European father or patrilineal heritage, and an Indian matrilineal heritage, who’ve been given special minority status [[/note]] struggling to retain their homes and heritage.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
Changed line(s) 59,60 (click to see context) from:
Sandalwood is the nickname given to the Kannada film industry, based in Bangalore. The name is derived from the sandalwood trees, that are ubiquitous in the southwestern Indian state of Karnataka. They are in these times considered the [[AndZoidberg Zoidberg]] of South Indian film industries, owing to their movies being generally of lower production quality and SoBadItsHorrible plots. The truth is that this industry is a WhiteDwarfStarlet, which once produced movies equal in quality and commercial success to the other South Indian "woods", but have been in a prolonged DorkAge since the early nineties.
to:
Sandalwood is the nickname given to the Kannada film industry, based in Bangalore. The name is derived from the sandalwood trees, that are ubiquitous in the southwestern Indian state of Karnataka. They are in these times considered the [[AndZoidberg Zoidberg]] of South Indian film industries, owing to their movies being generally of lower production quality and SoBadItsHorrible DarthWiki/SoBadItsHorrible plots. The truth is that this industry is a WhiteDwarfStarlet, which once produced movies equal in quality and commercial success to the other South Indian "woods", but have been in a prolonged DorkAge since the early nineties.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 61,62 (click to see context) from:
This industry took off in the fifties, with nearly all of its movies being SwordAndSorcery high fantasy epics based on UsefulNotes/HinduMythology. The sixties saw a genre change, as more movies started to feature more contemporary plots, usually focused on common people. A lot of these movies featured Sandalwood's own MGR - Dr. Rajkumar [[note]] the doctorate is an honorary one in Film Studies [[/note]], who became an icon, but unlike MGR or NTR, didn't opt to translate cultural popularity into a political career. The seventies saw the industry hit its peak, with many commercial hits and more compelling stories being told. Many movies made in this particular decade were based on well regarded Carnatic literature. The eighties saw the industry adopt more modern stories, modern production techniques, even more synth based soundtracks. This era also saw the industry moving into more genres, such as romantic comedies, extremely soft sci-fi (more fantasy than sci-fi), horror and the usual popcorn action flicks. Movies made here in the eighties were very similar to movies made by the other South Indian "woods".
to:
This industry took off in the fifties, with nearly all of its movies being SwordAndSorcery high fantasy epics based on UsefulNotes/HinduMythology.Myth/HinduMythology. The sixties saw a genre change, as more movies started to feature more contemporary plots, usually focused on common people. A lot of these movies featured Sandalwood's own MGR - Dr. Rajkumar [[note]] the doctorate is an honorary one in Film Studies [[/note]], who became an icon, but unlike MGR or NTR, didn't opt to translate cultural popularity into a political career. The seventies saw the industry hit its peak, with many commercial hits and more compelling stories being told. Many movies made in this particular decade were based on well regarded Carnatic literature. The eighties saw the industry adopt more modern stories, modern production techniques, even more synth based soundtracks. This era also saw the industry moving into more genres, such as romantic comedies, extremely soft sci-fi (more fantasy than sci-fi), horror and the usual popcorn action flicks. Movies made here in the eighties were very similar to movies made by the other South Indian "woods".
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 23 (click to see context) from:
* ''Athadu'', featuring an assassin out for vengeance after he is framed for the murder of an important politician. Has a very Creator/JohnWoo inspired final shootout.
to:
* ''Athadu'', featuring an assassin out for vengeance after he is framed for the murder of an important politician. Has a very Creator/JohnWoo John Woo inspired final shootout.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 23 (click to see context) from:
* ''Athadu'', featuring an assassin out for vengeance after he is framed for the murder of an important politician.
to:
* ''Athadu'', featuring an assassin out for vengeance after he is framed for the murder of an important politician. Has a very Creator/JohnWoo inspired final shootout.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 22 (click to see context) from:
* ''Film/ArjunReddy'', where a brilliant medical student starts going down a self-destructive path after his girlfriend is forced to marry another man.
to:
* ''Film/ArjunReddy'', ''[[Film/{{ArjunReddy}} Arjun Reddy]]'', where a brilliant medical student starts going down a self-destructive path after his girlfriend is forced to marry another man.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 24 (click to see context) from:
* ''{{Eega}}'', where a vengeful hero becomes a housefly
to:
* ''{{Eega}}'', ''Film/{{Eega}}'', where a vengeful hero becomes a housefly
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Changed line(s) 22 (click to see context) from:
* ''Film/{{ArjunReddy}}'', where a brilliant medical student starts going down a self-destructive path after his girlfriend is forced to marry another man.
to:
* ''Film/{{ArjunReddy}}'', ''Film/ArjunReddy'', where a brilliant medical student starts going down a self-destructive path after his girlfriend is forced to marry another man.
Changed line(s) 24 (click to see context) from:
* ''Film/{{Eega}}'', where a vengeful hero becomes a housefly
to:
* ''Film/{{Eega}}'', ''{{Eega}}'', where a vengeful hero becomes a housefly
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
Added new title
Added DiffLines:
* ''Film/{{ArjunReddy}}'', where a brilliant medical student starts going down a self-destructive path after his girlfriend is forced to marry another man.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
* Film/MinchinaOta: A [[TheCaper heist movie]] that won a government award for movies that send an important social message.
Is there an issue? Send a MessageReason:
None
Added DiffLines:
Roughly 1,000 movies are produced in India every year. Of these, around 200 films are produced by UsefulNotes/{{Bollywood}} each year. Of course, few people outside of India are aware of this, and many foreigners [[SpotlightStealingSquad assume that]] ''[[SpotlightStealingSquad all]]'' [[SpotlightStealingSquad of Indian cinema is Bollywood]]. Contrary to popular opinion, "Bollywood" only refers to [[UsefulNotes/IndianLanguages Hindi]] films. So where do the other 800 movies come from?
[[WMG: Kollywood and Tollywood]]
''Kollywood'' is the informal name of the [[UsefulNotes/IndianLanguages Tamil]] film industry, and Tollywood is the Telugu-language industry. The name "Kollywood" is a portmanteau of Kodambaakam [[note]] a neighborhood in Chennai where a lot of movie industry professionals reside [[/note]] and Hollywood. These two industries are some of the largest in India, and they share a lot: tropes, actors, composers, directors. Both are located in Southeastern India, and their audience is concentrated in the same area. To the rest of India, they are relatively unknown, which is why Indians who are unfamiliar with these two industries often lump them together and associate them with 1) political regionalism, 2) the actor Rajinikanth, and 3) ultra-conservative Tamil [[TypeCaste brahmins]].
Yet, the cultural fallout of these movies transcends their obscurity. One can't begin to count all the South Indian moves that became massive commercial or critical hits, went on to be dubbed in several Indian languages, and then became hits in those languages also. Mani Ratnam's 1992 ''Roja'', an influential film beloved all over India, was first a Tamil movie, though its origin is often glossed over. This film also debuted the composer A.R Rahman, who is now world-famous. But before he did Slumdog Millionare and before he worked in Bollywood, he spent a decade composing music for Tamil movies. This not a rare scenario: it's easier for a no-name talent to debut in South India than it is in Bollywood. Many iconic Hindi film stars, from Aishwariya Rai to Kajol to Katrina Kaif, started their careers down south.
These films are today thought of as the LargeHam, even by Bollywood standards. They are unabashedly escapist. The heroes are generally unapologetic [[MartyStu Stus]] of the [[GodModeSue highest order]]. The LoveInterest (called a "heroine", even if she never does anything heroic) is usually a straight-up [[TheChick chick]] and DistressedDamsel. Every film will have copious amounts of intrusive comic relief[[note]]Comedic actors in South India are powerful figures. Big-name ones appear in most every film made.[[/note]] as most films attempt to stuff in as much action, romance, music, and comedy as possible. This all-in-one genre combination is familiar to Indian movie buffs as 'masala', but is more commonly called 'mass' in Telugu lingo. Even movies with a serious subject matter (politics, horror, history, mythology) may follow the same pattern. Combine all of that with the low quality special effects and you get an industry of Narmy, SoBadItsGood movies.
There are exceptions, such as ''Kandukondein Kandukondein'', a Kollywood adaptation of ''Literature/SenseAndSensibility'', which is slice-of-life drama, combined with romance and some mild satire. Some popular directors, such as Mani Ratnam, K. Viswanath, Ram Gopal Varma, and more recently, Rajamouli, are known to stray from the typical masala patterns. With foreign films[[note]]admittedly mostly American[[/note]] easily accessible, the expectations of the younger generation are changing, and so such exceptions are growing more and more numerous.
What the mainstream of Kollywood and Tollywood have going for them is that they tend to be [[RatedMForManly more action-oriented than Bollywood and more on the "gritty" side.]] Where Bollywood movies tend to focus on the wealthy, these movies are more likely to feature middle-class and working-class characters (partly because of political influences in the past). Also, they are usually very high-energy. The main reason that the stuey ActionHero is accepted is because the actors are [[BoisterousBruiser entertaining and enthusiastic]] enough to pull off such overbearing roles. Action Heroes in Kollywood and Tollywood tend to be superheroic in their power, and will often be able to take massive amounts of punishment before pulling a HeroicSecondWind and taking the villain down.
But it should not be assumed that these tropes are the default or definitive state of Indian cinema. Infact, the masala formula arose very recently, just in the last two or three decades. Southern movies before this era, while still being very idealistic and sometimes glorifying the hero, were not typically so uproarious, and quieter stories concerning romance, family, and marriage were common. The most famous and beloved movies from the past (e.g. ''Maya Bazaar'', ''Chandralekha'') went to the other extreme, with epic, meanders g stories involving royalty or mythological figures. In the late 70s and the 80s, there was a small but influential genre of acclaimed movies that revolved around the topic of music and dance, where the story focus was on the characters learning, mastering, sometimes being consumed by the art. The most famous of these was ''Shankarabaranam''.
These film industries are also noteworthy for producing lots of politicians, ''à la'' [[Creator/ArnoldSchwarzenegger Schwarzenegger]]. The two biggest examples are M.G. Ramachandran (of Kollywood, often shortened to 'MGR') and N.T. Rama Rao (of Tollywood, shortened to 'NTR'). Both formed their own political parties and spun fanatical film {{Fandom}}s into huge voting blocs. Both also pandered to the poor (especially MGR, who was portrayed as a fighter on their behalf in the movies) and to regional pride. Another example is former actress Vijayashanti, who started out portraying stock love interests in Tollywood, then bucked the boys-only club and did [[ActionGirl cop roles]] in the nineties, and later went onto a political career.
--
!!Recommended Films (Tollywood)
[[index]]
* ''Athadu'', featuring an assassin out for vengeance after he is framed for the murder of an important politician.
* ''Film/{{Eega}}'', where a vengeful hero becomes a housefly
* ''Pokiri'', about a cop who goes undercover to take down land mafia.
* ''Magadheera'', where a vengeful hero's ancestor was also a vengeful hero
* ''Kshana Kshanam'', where the ''villain'' is vengeful and the protagonist couple are on the run
* ''Anukokunda Oka Roju'', no hero, but an ensemble of heroine, corrupt cop, and intrepid taxi driver
* ''Seetharamaiah Gari Manavaralu'', where protagonist is the child of emigrants wanting to reconnect with her family
* ''Sagara Sangamam'': a washed-up, alcoholic dance master struggles to teach the spoiled daughter of his former lover
* ''Siva'' a very famous action movie from the 80s
[[/index]]
* ''Tiger'' A vengeful hero (NTR) and his standard Tollywood adventure with his [[SarcasmMode badass]] [[AddedAlliterativeAppeal bubble "BMW"]]
[[index]]
* ''Oohalu Gusagusalade'': one of the urbane romantic comedies becoming popular nowadays
--
!!Recommended Films (Kollywood)
* ''Angaadi Theru'', a simple realistic movie about poverty and love
* ''Naan'', about identity theft
* ''Mozhi''
* ''Abhiyum Naanum''
* ''Iruvar'', a biopic about the friendship between two famous political figures
* ''Bombay'', a movie about an interfaith couple dealing with the aftermath of the 1992 Babri mosque demolition and the 1993 Bombay Stock Exchange terrorist bomb strikes.
* Film/{{Anjali}}: A rare AwardBait film, featuring a terminally IllGirl born with a developmental disability.
* Film/{{Indian}}: A vigilante movie with a distinctly Indian version of the NinetiesAntiHero, that was submitted to the Oscars for consideration for "Best Foreign Film".
[[WMG: Mollywood]]
If Kollywood is TheLancer in this lineup and Tollywood is the BigGuy, then Mollywood is the SmartGuy.
"Mollywood" refers to the Malayalee industry, from the Southwest Indian state of Kerala. Historically, these films tended to be a little more thoughtful, subversive, and low-key than their southeastern counterparts, but Mollywood also churns out its share of cheap action films, intended to compete for eyeballs with Malayalee dubs of the Tollywood and Kollywood mainstays. The Mollywood action films tend to unimpressive compared to the Tollywood and Kollywood output: they have much smaller budgets, not much action choreography, and usually star middle-aged men who originally made their reputations in more cerebral films, and aren't really action hero material.
Another minor quirk of Mollywood cinema is that Kerala has a relatively high percentage of Christians, and a very long history of hosting them [[OlderThanFeudalism (with one group claiming to have been evangelized by St. Thomas The Apostle).]] As a result of this, Mollywood portrayals of Christians tend to be less caricatured and more naturalistic than Bollywood's portrayals of Christians.
Not to be confused with the [[MormonCinema Mormon film industry]], or LDS Cinema, also known as Mollywood.
[[WMG: Sandalwood]]
Sandalwood is the nickname given to the Kannada film industry, based in Bangalore. The name is derived from the sandalwood trees, that are ubiquitous in the southwestern Indian state of Karnataka. They are in these times considered the [[AndZoidberg Zoidberg]] of South Indian film industries, owing to their movies being generally of lower production quality and SoBadItsHorrible plots. The truth is that this industry is a WhiteDwarfStarlet, which once produced movies equal in quality and commercial success to the other South Indian "woods", but have been in a prolonged DorkAge since the early nineties.
This industry took off in the fifties, with nearly all of its movies being SwordAndSorcery high fantasy epics based on UsefulNotes/HinduMythology. The sixties saw a genre change, as more movies started to feature more contemporary plots, usually focused on common people. A lot of these movies featured Sandalwood's own MGR - Dr. Rajkumar [[note]] the doctorate is an honorary one in Film Studies [[/note]], who became an icon, but unlike MGR or NTR, didn't opt to translate cultural popularity into a political career. The seventies saw the industry hit its peak, with many commercial hits and more compelling stories being told. Many movies made in this particular decade were based on well regarded Carnatic literature. The eighties saw the industry adopt more modern stories, modern production techniques, even more synth based soundtracks. This era also saw the industry moving into more genres, such as romantic comedies, extremely soft sci-fi (more fantasy than sci-fi), horror and the usual popcorn action flicks. Movies made here in the eighties were very similar to movies made by the other South Indian "woods".
The nineties were not kind to this industry, seeing it JumpTheShark multiple times. While {{Fanservice}}, stereotype based humor, MartyStu leads and PlotTumor has always been present in all movies, these aspects were turned up in many films of this era at the cost of a good compelling story. As a result, these movies catered primarily to a rural and often [[ViewersAreMorons uneducated audience]]. This resulted in just sufficient revenue to offset production costs, but not enough cash to pay good screenwriters, good directors, good production crews, good score composers etc. Therefore, the industry seems to be mired in this DorkAge with little to no hope of recovery.
The reasons for why this industry suffered decay, while others flourished, has to do with other major events that occurred in the early nineties. A major factor is the makeup of Bangalore. While Chennai, Hyderabad and Thiruvananthapuram were large South Indian cities, with Chennai being larger than Bangalore, the capital city of Karnataka was always more cosmopolitan, with people from all over India residing there. This was initially due to many people retiring there, owing to Bangalore's slightly cooler temperatures, but also due to many important research institutions for IndiansWithIglas being based there. The founding and subsequent explosive growth of the software industry in Bangalore, turned it into a BoomTown that attracted a ''lot'' of people across India. A lot of these people wanted to see movies made in their own language, or alternatively more Hollywood movies and foreign films. As a result, Sandalwood's movies suddenly faced stiff competition in Bangalore. Unable to penetrate the non Carnatic speaking residents of Bangalore, the industry focused instead on pandering to their rural audience. Other "woods" also avoided this problem by arm twisting theatre owners and local governments to be more protectionist and screen only their films.
!! Notable films
* Gandhada Gudi (Temple of sandalwood) - an early seventies popcorn flick about a forest ranger, trying to bring down a notorious sandalwood smuggler.
* Parasangadha Gendethimma - a [[spoiler: tragic]] tale of a village forced to change with the times.
* Yeradu Kanasu (two dreams) - a romantic comedy, possibly the first lighthearted one in this language, not weighed down by drama.
* Srinivas Kalyana: A dramatization of a mythological tale.
* Bayalu Daari - a romantic film that also deals with PTSD and disability.
* Film/BenkiyaBale - a TearJerker of a romantic tale, based on a bestselling Carnatic novel.
[[/index]]
* Aapad Baandhava - the rarest of the rare - an Indian movie that received a Hollywood remake - the Creator/BruceWillis flick Film/MercuryRising (the autism and cryptography in the Hollywood version, being an upgrade over the deaf-mutism and post traumatic stress used in this movie).
[[index]]
* Film/HrudayaGeethe: Translation - a song from the heart. Another rarity in the Otherwoods - a lighthearted RomCom that falls prey to the CerebusSyndrome and becomes quite dark [[spoiler: and tragic]] towards the end. A remake of the Bollywood film "Paagal Kahin Ka"
* Film/GowriGanesha: A BlackComedy with an [[/index]]UnscrupulousHero protagonist. One of the very few Indian movies in which this kind of protagonist [[KarmaHoudini doesn't get any comeuppance in the end]].
[[WMG: The Punjabi Industry]]
[[WMG: The Bengali Industry]]
* The Apu Trilogy, three acclaimed films from Creator/SatyajitRay that are among the most famous movies to come out of India.
[[index]]
** ''Literature/PatherPanchali''
** ''Film/{{Aparajito}}''
** ''Film/ApurSansar''
[[WMG: The Bhojpuri Industry]]
[[WMG: The Orissa Industry: Ollywood]]
[[/index]]
----
[[WMG: Kollywood and Tollywood]]
''Kollywood'' is the informal name of the [[UsefulNotes/IndianLanguages Tamil]] film industry, and Tollywood is the Telugu-language industry. The name "Kollywood" is a portmanteau of Kodambaakam [[note]] a neighborhood in Chennai where a lot of movie industry professionals reside [[/note]] and Hollywood. These two industries are some of the largest in India, and they share a lot: tropes, actors, composers, directors. Both are located in Southeastern India, and their audience is concentrated in the same area. To the rest of India, they are relatively unknown, which is why Indians who are unfamiliar with these two industries often lump them together and associate them with 1) political regionalism, 2) the actor Rajinikanth, and 3) ultra-conservative Tamil [[TypeCaste brahmins]].
Yet, the cultural fallout of these movies transcends their obscurity. One can't begin to count all the South Indian moves that became massive commercial or critical hits, went on to be dubbed in several Indian languages, and then became hits in those languages also. Mani Ratnam's 1992 ''Roja'', an influential film beloved all over India, was first a Tamil movie, though its origin is often glossed over. This film also debuted the composer A.R Rahman, who is now world-famous. But before he did Slumdog Millionare and before he worked in Bollywood, he spent a decade composing music for Tamil movies. This not a rare scenario: it's easier for a no-name talent to debut in South India than it is in Bollywood. Many iconic Hindi film stars, from Aishwariya Rai to Kajol to Katrina Kaif, started their careers down south.
These films are today thought of as the LargeHam, even by Bollywood standards. They are unabashedly escapist. The heroes are generally unapologetic [[MartyStu Stus]] of the [[GodModeSue highest order]]. The LoveInterest (called a "heroine", even if she never does anything heroic) is usually a straight-up [[TheChick chick]] and DistressedDamsel. Every film will have copious amounts of intrusive comic relief[[note]]Comedic actors in South India are powerful figures. Big-name ones appear in most every film made.[[/note]] as most films attempt to stuff in as much action, romance, music, and comedy as possible. This all-in-one genre combination is familiar to Indian movie buffs as 'masala', but is more commonly called 'mass' in Telugu lingo. Even movies with a serious subject matter (politics, horror, history, mythology) may follow the same pattern. Combine all of that with the low quality special effects and you get an industry of Narmy, SoBadItsGood movies.
There are exceptions, such as ''Kandukondein Kandukondein'', a Kollywood adaptation of ''Literature/SenseAndSensibility'', which is slice-of-life drama, combined with romance and some mild satire. Some popular directors, such as Mani Ratnam, K. Viswanath, Ram Gopal Varma, and more recently, Rajamouli, are known to stray from the typical masala patterns. With foreign films[[note]]admittedly mostly American[[/note]] easily accessible, the expectations of the younger generation are changing, and so such exceptions are growing more and more numerous.
What the mainstream of Kollywood and Tollywood have going for them is that they tend to be [[RatedMForManly more action-oriented than Bollywood and more on the "gritty" side.]] Where Bollywood movies tend to focus on the wealthy, these movies are more likely to feature middle-class and working-class characters (partly because of political influences in the past). Also, they are usually very high-energy. The main reason that the stuey ActionHero is accepted is because the actors are [[BoisterousBruiser entertaining and enthusiastic]] enough to pull off such overbearing roles. Action Heroes in Kollywood and Tollywood tend to be superheroic in their power, and will often be able to take massive amounts of punishment before pulling a HeroicSecondWind and taking the villain down.
But it should not be assumed that these tropes are the default or definitive state of Indian cinema. Infact, the masala formula arose very recently, just in the last two or three decades. Southern movies before this era, while still being very idealistic and sometimes glorifying the hero, were not typically so uproarious, and quieter stories concerning romance, family, and marriage were common. The most famous and beloved movies from the past (e.g. ''Maya Bazaar'', ''Chandralekha'') went to the other extreme, with epic, meanders g stories involving royalty or mythological figures. In the late 70s and the 80s, there was a small but influential genre of acclaimed movies that revolved around the topic of music and dance, where the story focus was on the characters learning, mastering, sometimes being consumed by the art. The most famous of these was ''Shankarabaranam''.
These film industries are also noteworthy for producing lots of politicians, ''à la'' [[Creator/ArnoldSchwarzenegger Schwarzenegger]]. The two biggest examples are M.G. Ramachandran (of Kollywood, often shortened to 'MGR') and N.T. Rama Rao (of Tollywood, shortened to 'NTR'). Both formed their own political parties and spun fanatical film {{Fandom}}s into huge voting blocs. Both also pandered to the poor (especially MGR, who was portrayed as a fighter on their behalf in the movies) and to regional pride. Another example is former actress Vijayashanti, who started out portraying stock love interests in Tollywood, then bucked the boys-only club and did [[ActionGirl cop roles]] in the nineties, and later went onto a political career.
--
!!Recommended Films (Tollywood)
[[index]]
* ''Athadu'', featuring an assassin out for vengeance after he is framed for the murder of an important politician.
* ''Film/{{Eega}}'', where a vengeful hero becomes a housefly
* ''Pokiri'', about a cop who goes undercover to take down land mafia.
* ''Magadheera'', where a vengeful hero's ancestor was also a vengeful hero
* ''Kshana Kshanam'', where the ''villain'' is vengeful and the protagonist couple are on the run
* ''Anukokunda Oka Roju'', no hero, but an ensemble of heroine, corrupt cop, and intrepid taxi driver
* ''Seetharamaiah Gari Manavaralu'', where protagonist is the child of emigrants wanting to reconnect with her family
* ''Sagara Sangamam'': a washed-up, alcoholic dance master struggles to teach the spoiled daughter of his former lover
* ''Siva'' a very famous action movie from the 80s
[[/index]]
* ''Tiger'' A vengeful hero (NTR) and his standard Tollywood adventure with his [[SarcasmMode badass]] [[AddedAlliterativeAppeal bubble "BMW"]]
[[index]]
* ''Oohalu Gusagusalade'': one of the urbane romantic comedies becoming popular nowadays
--
!!Recommended Films (Kollywood)
* ''Angaadi Theru'', a simple realistic movie about poverty and love
* ''Naan'', about identity theft
* ''Mozhi''
* ''Abhiyum Naanum''
* ''Iruvar'', a biopic about the friendship between two famous political figures
* ''Bombay'', a movie about an interfaith couple dealing with the aftermath of the 1992 Babri mosque demolition and the 1993 Bombay Stock Exchange terrorist bomb strikes.
* Film/{{Anjali}}: A rare AwardBait film, featuring a terminally IllGirl born with a developmental disability.
* Film/{{Indian}}: A vigilante movie with a distinctly Indian version of the NinetiesAntiHero, that was submitted to the Oscars for consideration for "Best Foreign Film".
[[WMG: Mollywood]]
If Kollywood is TheLancer in this lineup and Tollywood is the BigGuy, then Mollywood is the SmartGuy.
"Mollywood" refers to the Malayalee industry, from the Southwest Indian state of Kerala. Historically, these films tended to be a little more thoughtful, subversive, and low-key than their southeastern counterparts, but Mollywood also churns out its share of cheap action films, intended to compete for eyeballs with Malayalee dubs of the Tollywood and Kollywood mainstays. The Mollywood action films tend to unimpressive compared to the Tollywood and Kollywood output: they have much smaller budgets, not much action choreography, and usually star middle-aged men who originally made their reputations in more cerebral films, and aren't really action hero material.
Another minor quirk of Mollywood cinema is that Kerala has a relatively high percentage of Christians, and a very long history of hosting them [[OlderThanFeudalism (with one group claiming to have been evangelized by St. Thomas The Apostle).]] As a result of this, Mollywood portrayals of Christians tend to be less caricatured and more naturalistic than Bollywood's portrayals of Christians.
Not to be confused with the [[MormonCinema Mormon film industry]], or LDS Cinema, also known as Mollywood.
[[WMG: Sandalwood]]
Sandalwood is the nickname given to the Kannada film industry, based in Bangalore. The name is derived from the sandalwood trees, that are ubiquitous in the southwestern Indian state of Karnataka. They are in these times considered the [[AndZoidberg Zoidberg]] of South Indian film industries, owing to their movies being generally of lower production quality and SoBadItsHorrible plots. The truth is that this industry is a WhiteDwarfStarlet, which once produced movies equal in quality and commercial success to the other South Indian "woods", but have been in a prolonged DorkAge since the early nineties.
This industry took off in the fifties, with nearly all of its movies being SwordAndSorcery high fantasy epics based on UsefulNotes/HinduMythology. The sixties saw a genre change, as more movies started to feature more contemporary plots, usually focused on common people. A lot of these movies featured Sandalwood's own MGR - Dr. Rajkumar [[note]] the doctorate is an honorary one in Film Studies [[/note]], who became an icon, but unlike MGR or NTR, didn't opt to translate cultural popularity into a political career. The seventies saw the industry hit its peak, with many commercial hits and more compelling stories being told. Many movies made in this particular decade were based on well regarded Carnatic literature. The eighties saw the industry adopt more modern stories, modern production techniques, even more synth based soundtracks. This era also saw the industry moving into more genres, such as romantic comedies, extremely soft sci-fi (more fantasy than sci-fi), horror and the usual popcorn action flicks. Movies made here in the eighties were very similar to movies made by the other South Indian "woods".
The nineties were not kind to this industry, seeing it JumpTheShark multiple times. While {{Fanservice}}, stereotype based humor, MartyStu leads and PlotTumor has always been present in all movies, these aspects were turned up in many films of this era at the cost of a good compelling story. As a result, these movies catered primarily to a rural and often [[ViewersAreMorons uneducated audience]]. This resulted in just sufficient revenue to offset production costs, but not enough cash to pay good screenwriters, good directors, good production crews, good score composers etc. Therefore, the industry seems to be mired in this DorkAge with little to no hope of recovery.
The reasons for why this industry suffered decay, while others flourished, has to do with other major events that occurred in the early nineties. A major factor is the makeup of Bangalore. While Chennai, Hyderabad and Thiruvananthapuram were large South Indian cities, with Chennai being larger than Bangalore, the capital city of Karnataka was always more cosmopolitan, with people from all over India residing there. This was initially due to many people retiring there, owing to Bangalore's slightly cooler temperatures, but also due to many important research institutions for IndiansWithIglas being based there. The founding and subsequent explosive growth of the software industry in Bangalore, turned it into a BoomTown that attracted a ''lot'' of people across India. A lot of these people wanted to see movies made in their own language, or alternatively more Hollywood movies and foreign films. As a result, Sandalwood's movies suddenly faced stiff competition in Bangalore. Unable to penetrate the non Carnatic speaking residents of Bangalore, the industry focused instead on pandering to their rural audience. Other "woods" also avoided this problem by arm twisting theatre owners and local governments to be more protectionist and screen only their films.
!! Notable films
* Gandhada Gudi (Temple of sandalwood) - an early seventies popcorn flick about a forest ranger, trying to bring down a notorious sandalwood smuggler.
* Parasangadha Gendethimma - a [[spoiler: tragic]] tale of a village forced to change with the times.
* Yeradu Kanasu (two dreams) - a romantic comedy, possibly the first lighthearted one in this language, not weighed down by drama.
* Srinivas Kalyana: A dramatization of a mythological tale.
* Bayalu Daari - a romantic film that also deals with PTSD and disability.
* Film/BenkiyaBale - a TearJerker of a romantic tale, based on a bestselling Carnatic novel.
[[/index]]
* Aapad Baandhava - the rarest of the rare - an Indian movie that received a Hollywood remake - the Creator/BruceWillis flick Film/MercuryRising (the autism and cryptography in the Hollywood version, being an upgrade over the deaf-mutism and post traumatic stress used in this movie).
[[index]]
* Film/HrudayaGeethe: Translation - a song from the heart. Another rarity in the Otherwoods - a lighthearted RomCom that falls prey to the CerebusSyndrome and becomes quite dark [[spoiler: and tragic]] towards the end. A remake of the Bollywood film "Paagal Kahin Ka"
* Film/GowriGanesha: A BlackComedy with an [[/index]]UnscrupulousHero protagonist. One of the very few Indian movies in which this kind of protagonist [[KarmaHoudini doesn't get any comeuppance in the end]].
[[WMG: The Punjabi Industry]]
[[WMG: The Bengali Industry]]
* The Apu Trilogy, three acclaimed films from Creator/SatyajitRay that are among the most famous movies to come out of India.
[[index]]
** ''Literature/PatherPanchali''
** ''Film/{{Aparajito}}''
** ''Film/ApurSansar''
[[WMG: The Bhojpuri Industry]]
[[WMG: The Orissa Industry: Ollywood]]
[[/index]]
----
