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The core mechanic of the d20 system is rolling a twenty-sided UsefulNotes/{{di|ce}}e (the eponymous d20), adding a "modifier" to the result, and comparing that to a "difficulty class" (DC) to determine whether the action was successful or not. The d20 provides randomness, the modifier represents the character's skill, and the DC represents the difficulty of the action being attempted. If the total result (d20 + modifier) is greater than the DC, then the action succeeds. Modifiers are dependent on the character's stats, and both modifier and DC may be altered by situational bonuses or penalties (for example, if your target is lying prone, ranged attacks become harder, but melee attacks become easier). The most important modifiers are generally TheSixStats, at least one of which will be applied to almost every roll, but other check-specific stats will also be included. Also of note is the "opposed check" -- when two characters directly oppose each other (one character tries to sneak past another, for example), then both will make the relevant skill check (eg, stealth vs. notice), and the higher result wins.
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The core mechanic of the d20 system is rolling a twenty-sided UsefulNotes/{{di|ce}}e MediaNotes/{{di|ce}}e (the eponymous d20), adding a "modifier" to the result, and comparing that to a "difficulty class" (DC) to determine whether the action was successful or not. The d20 provides randomness, the modifier represents the character's skill, and the DC represents the difficulty of the action being attempted. If the total result (d20 + modifier) is greater than the DC, then the action succeeds. Modifiers are dependent on the character's stats, and both modifier and DC may be altered by situational bonuses or penalties (for example, if your target is lying prone, ranged attacks become harder, but melee attacks become easier). The most important modifiers are generally TheSixStats, at least one of which will be applied to almost every roll, but other check-specific stats will also be included. Also of note is the "opposed check" -- when two characters directly oppose each other (one character tries to sneak past another, for example), then both will make the relevant skill check (eg, stealth vs. notice), and the higher result wins.
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* The original 2004 release of ''TabletopGame/{{Bulldogs}}'' used the d20 system. Later revisions released in 2011 and 2015 used the then-latest iterations of [[{{UsefulNotes/Fate}} the Fate engine]].
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* The original 2004 release of ''TabletopGame/{{Bulldogs}}'' used the d20 system. Later revisions released in 2011 and 2015 used the then-latest iterations of [[{{UsefulNotes/Fate}} [[{{MediaNotes/Fate}} the Fate engine]].
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-> ''My hat of d02 know no limit!'' (sic)
-->-- Meme started by a disgruntled poster on rpg.net
The ''d20 system'' is a GameSystem for {{Tabletop RPG}}s created by Creator/WizardsOfTheCoast and premiering as the system used for [[TabletopGame/DungeonsAndDragonsThirdEdition the third edition]] of ''TabletopGame/DungeonsAndDragons''. What makes the d20 system unique is that it was released under the [[http://www.wizards.com/default.asp?x=d20/oglfaq/20040123f Open Game License]] (OGL), which was created by Wizards specifically for that purpose. Under the terms of the OGL, developers are granted permission to copy, use, modify, and redistribute the system -- effectively making it analogous to open source software. This means that ''anyone'' can create their own RPG using the d20 system, and even sell it for profit, without running afoul of copyright issues.
The core mechanic of the d20 system is rolling a twenty-sided UsefulNotes/{{di|ce}}e (the eponymous d20), adding a "modifier" to the result, and comparing that to a "difficulty class" (DC) to determine whether the action was successful or not. The d20 provides randomness, the modifier represents the character's skill, and the DC represents the difficulty of the action being attempted. If the total result (d20 + modifier) is greater than the DC, then the action succeeds. Modifiers are dependent on the character's stats, and both modifier and DC may be altered by situational bonuses or penalties (for example, if your target is lying prone, ranged attacks become harder, but melee attacks become easier). The most important modifiers are generally TheSixStats, at least one of which will be applied to almost every roll, but other check-specific stats will also be included. Also of note is the "opposed check" -- when two characters directly oppose each other (one character tries to sneak past another, for example), then both will make the relevant skill check (eg, stealth vs. notice), and the higher result wins.
Outside of this core mechanic, the system is very flexible, and include everything from the classic ClassAndLevelSystem of ''D&D'' to the PointBuildSystem of ''TabletopGame/MutantsAndMasterminds''. This flexibility is a large part of the reason for the system's popularity -- it allows different systems to cater to different tastes, without really changing how the game is played, as "d20 + modifiers vs. DC" remains constant.
For a copy of the revised System Reference Document (SRD v3.5), you can find the [[http://www.wizards.com/default.asp?x=d20/article/srd35 original here.]]
----
!!Games that use the d20 system:
[[index]]
* ''TabletopGame/DungeonsAndDragons'':
** ''TabletopGame/DungeonsAndDragonsThirdEdition'': The d20 system was created by Wizards of the Coast for this edition, although later editions have substantially revised upon it.
** ''TabletopGame/DungeonsAndDragonsFourthEdition'': Notably, this used the d20 System as a core, but did ''not'' utilize the OGL; it used the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_System_License Game System License]], which was much more restrictive and thus far less popular.
** ''TabletopGame/DungeonsAndDragonsFifthEdition'': Returned to the original OGL with the use of a revised System Reference Document. Notably, after a series of controversies in January 2023, the SRD was [[https://www.dndbeyond.com/posts/1439-ogl-1-0a-creative-commons moved to a Creative Commons license]], making the content within effectively public domain and open for use by anyone.
* ''Arcana Unearthed/Arcana Evolved'' by Malhavoc Press is a major rewrite with new spells, new classes, and new types of magic. Generally highly praised.
* The original 2004 release of ''TabletopGame/{{Bulldogs}}'' used the d20 system. Later revisions released in 2011 and 2015 used the then-latest iterations of [[{{UsefulNotes/Fate}} the Fate engine]].
* ''TableTopGame/D20Modern'' and ''d20 Future'', both developed by Wizards of the Coast, were attempts to bring the d20 system out of the HeroicFantasy setting iconic to D&D proper.
* ''TabletopGame/IronHeroes'', a system from Fiery Dragon Productions, is dedicated to more tactical fighting than vanilla 3e D&D. The game itself borrows heavily from action hero and fantasy movie tropes.
* The ''TabletopGame/LegendSystem'' actually began as a series of house rules for 3.5 before the writers decided they had enough material for a full game.
* ''{{TabletopGame/Microlite20}}'' is a free, extremely streamlined and rules-lite version of the d20 system, designed to be compatible with existing d20 monsters and adventure modules.
* ''TableTopGame/MutantsAndMasterminds'', a superhero-themed PointBuy RPG, using the d20 system for its core mechanics.
* ''TabletopGame/NorthernCrown'', a North American fantasy setting by Atlas Games.
* ''TabletopGame/{{Nyambe}}'', also from Atlas Games, is based on the many cultures of old sub-Saharan Africa, and clearly intended to be easily importable into a DM's ''TabletopGame/ForgottenRealms'' campaign, alongside that setting's fantasy Europe (Faerun), Asia (TabletopGame/KaraTur), Middle East (TabletopGame/AlQadim), and Latin America (TabletopGame/{{Maztica}}).
* ''{{TabletopGame/Pathfinder}}'' by [[Creator/{{Paizo}} Paizo Publishing]] is notable for having its origins as a separate game system stemming from a specific response to [=WotC=] launching a new ''Dungeons & Dragons'' edition ([=4th=], in this case). ''Pathfinder'' was originally intended to be a third-party extension of ''[=D&D=]'' 3.5 and to continue the "Adventure Path" concept Paizo had found success with during their run of [[Magazine/{{Dungeon}} Dungeon Magazine]]; however, following the launch of ''[=D&D=]'' [=4e=] and the tepid response to it (along with rankling at the GSL), Paizo opted to develop a full game system based on 3.5, compatible(ish) with older material, and maintain it as effectively a new branch of the ''[=D&D=]'' lineage. While the overall quality of the rules tweaks were contentious at times, it became the effective successor to the 3.5 throne, and did extremely well commercially and was widely supported by third parties.
** ''Pathfinder Second Edition'' released in 2019, further differentiating itself from ''[=D&D=]'' and taking what was now nearly twenty years of experience with the legacy of 3.x and taking it in a different direction than ''[=D&D=]'' [=5e=] had gone. Initially contentious, it has steadily gained popularity in the shadow of the [=5e=] juggernaut, especially in early 2023.
** ''TabletopGame/PathfinderSociety'' is the ongoing public campaign run by Paizo using the ''Pathfinder'' system; it spans an overarching plot of several seasons per major arc.
* ''TabletopGame/ThirteenthAge'' uses a variant of the d20 system that draws in some elements of 4th Edition D&D, which is to be expected considering the co-designers are Creator/JonathanTweet (one of the lead designers of 3rd Edition and the d20 system) and Rob Heinsoo (one of the lead designers of 4th Edition. Also has elements of storytelling systems, such as powerful icons in the setting, and skills based on the characters' backgrounds.
* ''True20'' is a simplified iteration of 3.5 from Creator/GreenRonin Publishing. Adapted to a wider variety of genres than D&D, it's a SpiritualSuccessor of sorts to ''d20 Modern''. Its major selling point is ease of use and speed of play.
* ''TabletopGame/{{Delvebound}}'' is a fan-made TTRPG for the ''Franchise/TheElderScrolls'' franchise, using a modified version of D&D 5e.
[[/index]]
!! A large number of unrelated systems and/or settings have d20 variants:
** ''d20 TabletopGame/BigEyesSmallMouth''
** ''d20 TabletopGame/CallOfCthulhu''
** ''d20 TabletopGame/GammaWorld''
** ''TabletopGame/StarWarsD20''
** ''TabletopGame/WorldOfWarcraft d20''
** ''TabletopGame/{{Traveller}} d20''
----
-->-- Meme started by a disgruntled poster on rpg.net
The ''d20 system'' is a GameSystem for {{Tabletop RPG}}s created by Creator/WizardsOfTheCoast and premiering as the system used for [[TabletopGame/DungeonsAndDragonsThirdEdition the third edition]] of ''TabletopGame/DungeonsAndDragons''. What makes the d20 system unique is that it was released under the [[http://www.wizards.com/default.asp?x=d20/oglfaq/20040123f Open Game License]] (OGL), which was created by Wizards specifically for that purpose. Under the terms of the OGL, developers are granted permission to copy, use, modify, and redistribute the system -- effectively making it analogous to open source software. This means that ''anyone'' can create their own RPG using the d20 system, and even sell it for profit, without running afoul of copyright issues.
The core mechanic of the d20 system is rolling a twenty-sided UsefulNotes/{{di|ce}}e (the eponymous d20), adding a "modifier" to the result, and comparing that to a "difficulty class" (DC) to determine whether the action was successful or not. The d20 provides randomness, the modifier represents the character's skill, and the DC represents the difficulty of the action being attempted. If the total result (d20 + modifier) is greater than the DC, then the action succeeds. Modifiers are dependent on the character's stats, and both modifier and DC may be altered by situational bonuses or penalties (for example, if your target is lying prone, ranged attacks become harder, but melee attacks become easier). The most important modifiers are generally TheSixStats, at least one of which will be applied to almost every roll, but other check-specific stats will also be included. Also of note is the "opposed check" -- when two characters directly oppose each other (one character tries to sneak past another, for example), then both will make the relevant skill check (eg, stealth vs. notice), and the higher result wins.
Outside of this core mechanic, the system is very flexible, and include everything from the classic ClassAndLevelSystem of ''D&D'' to the PointBuildSystem of ''TabletopGame/MutantsAndMasterminds''. This flexibility is a large part of the reason for the system's popularity -- it allows different systems to cater to different tastes, without really changing how the game is played, as "d20 + modifiers vs. DC" remains constant.
For a copy of the revised System Reference Document (SRD v3.5), you can find the [[http://www.wizards.com/default.asp?x=d20/article/srd35 original here.]]
----
!!Games that use the d20 system:
[[index]]
* ''TabletopGame/DungeonsAndDragons'':
** ''TabletopGame/DungeonsAndDragonsThirdEdition'': The d20 system was created by Wizards of the Coast for this edition, although later editions have substantially revised upon it.
** ''TabletopGame/DungeonsAndDragonsFourthEdition'': Notably, this used the d20 System as a core, but did ''not'' utilize the OGL; it used the [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Game_System_License Game System License]], which was much more restrictive and thus far less popular.
** ''TabletopGame/DungeonsAndDragonsFifthEdition'': Returned to the original OGL with the use of a revised System Reference Document. Notably, after a series of controversies in January 2023, the SRD was [[https://www.dndbeyond.com/posts/1439-ogl-1-0a-creative-commons moved to a Creative Commons license]], making the content within effectively public domain and open for use by anyone.
* ''Arcana Unearthed/Arcana Evolved'' by Malhavoc Press is a major rewrite with new spells, new classes, and new types of magic. Generally highly praised.
* The original 2004 release of ''TabletopGame/{{Bulldogs}}'' used the d20 system. Later revisions released in 2011 and 2015 used the then-latest iterations of [[{{UsefulNotes/Fate}} the Fate engine]].
* ''TableTopGame/D20Modern'' and ''d20 Future'', both developed by Wizards of the Coast, were attempts to bring the d20 system out of the HeroicFantasy setting iconic to D&D proper.
* ''TabletopGame/IronHeroes'', a system from Fiery Dragon Productions, is dedicated to more tactical fighting than vanilla 3e D&D. The game itself borrows heavily from action hero and fantasy movie tropes.
* The ''TabletopGame/LegendSystem'' actually began as a series of house rules for 3.5 before the writers decided they had enough material for a full game.
* ''{{TabletopGame/Microlite20}}'' is a free, extremely streamlined and rules-lite version of the d20 system, designed to be compatible with existing d20 monsters and adventure modules.
* ''TableTopGame/MutantsAndMasterminds'', a superhero-themed PointBuy RPG, using the d20 system for its core mechanics.
* ''TabletopGame/NorthernCrown'', a North American fantasy setting by Atlas Games.
* ''TabletopGame/{{Nyambe}}'', also from Atlas Games, is based on the many cultures of old sub-Saharan Africa, and clearly intended to be easily importable into a DM's ''TabletopGame/ForgottenRealms'' campaign, alongside that setting's fantasy Europe (Faerun), Asia (TabletopGame/KaraTur), Middle East (TabletopGame/AlQadim), and Latin America (TabletopGame/{{Maztica}}).
* ''{{TabletopGame/Pathfinder}}'' by [[Creator/{{Paizo}} Paizo Publishing]] is notable for having its origins as a separate game system stemming from a specific response to [=WotC=] launching a new ''Dungeons & Dragons'' edition ([=4th=], in this case). ''Pathfinder'' was originally intended to be a third-party extension of ''[=D&D=]'' 3.5 and to continue the "Adventure Path" concept Paizo had found success with during their run of [[Magazine/{{Dungeon}} Dungeon Magazine]]; however, following the launch of ''[=D&D=]'' [=4e=] and the tepid response to it (along with rankling at the GSL), Paizo opted to develop a full game system based on 3.5, compatible(ish) with older material, and maintain it as effectively a new branch of the ''[=D&D=]'' lineage. While the overall quality of the rules tweaks were contentious at times, it became the effective successor to the 3.5 throne, and did extremely well commercially and was widely supported by third parties.
** ''Pathfinder Second Edition'' released in 2019, further differentiating itself from ''[=D&D=]'' and taking what was now nearly twenty years of experience with the legacy of 3.x and taking it in a different direction than ''[=D&D=]'' [=5e=] had gone. Initially contentious, it has steadily gained popularity in the shadow of the [=5e=] juggernaut, especially in early 2023.
** ''TabletopGame/PathfinderSociety'' is the ongoing public campaign run by Paizo using the ''Pathfinder'' system; it spans an overarching plot of several seasons per major arc.
* ''TabletopGame/ThirteenthAge'' uses a variant of the d20 system that draws in some elements of 4th Edition D&D, which is to be expected considering the co-designers are Creator/JonathanTweet (one of the lead designers of 3rd Edition and the d20 system) and Rob Heinsoo (one of the lead designers of 4th Edition. Also has elements of storytelling systems, such as powerful icons in the setting, and skills based on the characters' backgrounds.
* ''True20'' is a simplified iteration of 3.5 from Creator/GreenRonin Publishing. Adapted to a wider variety of genres than D&D, it's a SpiritualSuccessor of sorts to ''d20 Modern''. Its major selling point is ease of use and speed of play.
* ''TabletopGame/{{Delvebound}}'' is a fan-made TTRPG for the ''Franchise/TheElderScrolls'' franchise, using a modified version of D&D 5e.
[[/index]]
!! A large number of unrelated systems and/or settings have d20 variants:
** ''d20 TabletopGame/BigEyesSmallMouth''
** ''d20 TabletopGame/CallOfCthulhu''
** ''d20 TabletopGame/GammaWorld''
** ''TabletopGame/StarWarsD20''
** ''TabletopGame/WorldOfWarcraft d20''
** ''TabletopGame/{{Traveller}} d20''
----
